Designing high-efficiency electrocatalysts for glucose concentration detection plays a pivotal role in developing various non-enzymatic glucose detection devices. Herein, we have successfully designed and synthesized various cobalt nitrides (Co₄N) by using different weak bases (i.e. hexamethylenetetramine (HMT), urea, and ammonium hydroxide (AH)) through nitridation treatment in ammonia (NH₃) atmosphere. Physical characterization results demonstrate that Co₄N-NSs (nanosheets) with vast meso/macropores and large BET surface are successfully constructed once adding carbon paper and HMT into precursors. As the synergistic effect of metallic character of Co₄N phase_, excellent electroconductibility of pyrolytic carbon, and large surface area, Co₄N-NSs surfaces can form more Co⁴⁺ active sites in electrochemical reaction processes. Meanwhile, the abundant meso/macroporous structures constructed in Co₄N-NSs further promoted its mass transfer ability. Benefitting from the above mentioned advantages, Co₄N-NSs therefore exhibit more excellent glucose oxidation ability than another three control samples (i.e. Co₄N-HMT, Co₄N-Urea and Co₄N-AH). When used for glucose detection, the optimal Co₄N-NSs display excellent detection parameters as well, such as: a wide linear range of 0.6–10.0 mM, a large sensitivity of 1137.2 uA cm⁻² mM⁻¹ glucose, a low detection limit of 0.1 µM, a small response time of 1.7 s, good reproducibility and stability, and the excellent anti-interference to other electroactive molecules and Cl⁻. Upon utilized for measuring glucose concentrations in human blood serum samples, the detection results on Co₄N-NSs are accurate and satisfying as well. This work opens a new possibility for boosting electrochemical catalysis abilities of Co₄N samples by the structure design.

设计用于葡萄糖浓度检测的高效电催化剂在开发各种非酶促葡萄糖检测装置中起着关键作用。在本文中，我们通过在氨（NH ₃）气氛中进行氮化处理，通过使用不同的弱碱（即六亚甲基四胺（HMT），尿素和氢氧化铵（AH））成功设计和合成了各种氮化钴（Co ₄ N）。物理表征结果表明，一旦将碳纸和HMT添加到前体中，便成功构建了具有大中观/大孔和大BET表面的Co ₄ N-NS（纳米片）。作为Co ₄ N相金属性质的协同效应_，热解碳具有优异的导电性，且表面积大，Co ₄ N-NSs表面可在电化学反应过程中形成更多的Co ⁴⁺活性位点。同时，在Co ₄ N-NSs中构建的丰富的介孔/大孔结构进一步提高了其传质能力。受益于上述优点，Co ₄ N-NS比其他三个对照样品（即Co ₄ N-HMT，Co ₄ N-尿素和Co ₄ N-AH）表现出更优异的葡萄糖氧化能力。当用于葡萄糖检测时，最佳的Co ₄N-NS还显示出出色的检测参数，例如：0.6–10.0 mM的宽线性范围，1137.2 uA cm ^-2  mM ^-1葡萄糖的大灵敏度，0.1 µM的低检测限， 1.7 S，重现性好，稳定性以及优异的抗干扰与其他电的分子和Cl ^- 。通过用于测量人血清样品中的葡萄糖浓度，在Co ₄ N-NS上的检测结果准确且令人满意。这项工作为通过结构设计提高Co ₄ N样品的电化学催化能力开辟了新的可能性。