Chemical composition and antioxidative, genotoxic and cytotoxic potential of essential oil (EO) and post-distillation waste (PDW) of Serbian Juniperus communis L. var. saxatilis Pall. was studied in human lung carcinoma (A549) and normal lung fibroblast (MRC-5) cells. GC-MS analysis identified 93.95% of total EO content and determined α-pinen as a dominant component (23.61%). LC-MS/MS analysis of PDW pointed at rutin (12.2 mg g⁻¹) and quinic acid (11.1 mg g⁻¹) as the most abundant. Antioxidativity of PDW was strong in DPPH (IC₅₀ was 5.27 μg mL⁻¹), and moderate in TBA and FRAP assays. Both substances were more cytotoxic to A549 than to MRC-5 cells. Obtained IC₅₀ values were 69.4 μg mL⁻¹ and 120 μg mL⁻¹ for EO, and 1.27 mg mL⁻¹ and 2.86 mg mL⁻¹ for PDW, respectively. PDW was genotoxic (0.3 mg mL⁻¹ and 1 mg mL⁻¹ in A549 and MRC-5 cells, respectively) and induced apoptosis and arrested cell cycle in G2/M phase in A549 cells (0.3 mg mL⁻¹). In mixtures with doxorubicin cytotoxicity of EO and PDW increased, and combination index values (0.12–0.18) revealed clear synergistic effect, stronger in cancer cells. This indicates that J. communis var. saxatilis could decrease the chemotherapeutic doses of doxorubicin, potentially reducing its side effects.

塞尔维亚杜鹃的精油（EO）和蒸馏后废物（PDW）的化学成分和抗氧化，遗传毒性和细胞毒性潜力。萨克萨蒂利斯·颇尔（Saxatilis Pall）。在人肺癌（A549）和正常肺成纤维细胞（MRC-5）细胞中进行了研究。GC-MS分析确定了总EO含量的93.95％，并将α-pine烯作为主要成分（23.61％）。PDW的LC-MS / MS分析指出，芦丁（12.2 mg g ^-1）和奎宁酸（11.1 mg g ^-1）是最丰富的。在DPPH中，PDW的抗氧化性很强（IC ₅₀为5.27μgmL ^-1），在TBA和FRAP分析中中等。两种物质对A549的细胞毒性都比对MRC-5细胞的细胞毒性大。获得IC ₅₀值分别为69.4微克毫升^-1和120微克毫升^-1为EO，和1.27毫克毫升^-1和2.86毫克毫升^-1分别为PDW。PDW具有遗传毒性（在A549和MRC-5细胞中分别为0.3 mg mL ^-1和1 mg mL ^-1），并在A549细胞（0.3 mg mL ^-1）中诱导了细胞凋亡，并阻滞了G2 / M期的细胞周期。在具有阿霉素的混合物中，EO和PDW的细胞毒性增加，并且组合指数值（0.12-0.18）显示出明显的协同作用，在癌细胞中更强。这表明J. communis var。萨克萨蒂利斯可以降低阿霉素的化学治疗剂量，从而潜在地降低其副作用。