The layer-by-layer casting technique was adopted to fabricate bipolar membranes (BPMs) comprising a cation-exchange layer (CEL), an interfacial layer (IL, phosphorylated graphene oxide (PGO) and/or quaternized graphene oxide (QGO)), and an anion-exchange layer (AEL). Under applied dc potential gradient, water molecules dissociate at the IL and generate H⁺ and OH^–. The effect of the IL nature (PGO, QGO, and mixed PGO/QGO) on the water splitting performance of the BPM was thoroughly studied. Well optimized BPM-PGO/QGO exhibited high current efficiency (CE) and low energy consumption and was assessed to be superior in comparison with different commercial BPMs. The reported BPM showed improved water splitting performance, significant reduction in resistance, and high permselectivity (low co-ion leakage) for over 10 experimental cycles. Relatively stable performance of BPM-PGO/QGO made it industrially viable for water splitting.

中文翻译：

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带有功能化氧化石墨烯界面层的高效双极膜，用于水分解和通过电渗析将盐转化为酸/碱

采用逐层流延技术制造包括阳离子交换层（CEL），界面层（IL，磷酸化氧化石墨烯（PGO）和/或季铵化氧化石墨烯（QGO））的双极膜（BPM），阴离子交换层（AEL）。下施加的DC电位梯度，水分子解离的IL和产生H ⁺和OH ^-。彻底研究了IL性质（PGO，QGO和PGO / QGO混合）对BPM的水分解性能的影响。经过良好优化的BPM-PGO / QGO具有较高的电流效率（CE）和较低的能耗，并且被评估与不同的商业BPM相比具有优越性。报告的BPM在10个以上的实验循环中显示出改善的水分解性能，显着的电阻降低和高的渗透选择性（低的共离子泄漏）。BPM-PGO / QGO的相对稳定的性能使其在工业上可用于水分解。