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Maternal cumulative exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields and pregnancy outcomes in the Elfe cohort
Environment International ( IF 11.8 ) Pub Date : 2017-12-22 , DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.12.025
L. Migault , C. Piel , C. Carles , F. Delva , A. Lacourt , E. Cardis , C. Zaros , R. de Seze , I. Baldi , G. Bouvier

Objectives

To study the relations between maternal cumulative exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF EMF) and the risk of moderate prematurity and small for gestational age within the Elfe cohort.

Methods

The Elfe study included 18,329 infants born at 33 weeks of gestation or more in France in 2011 and was designed to follow the children until 20 years of age. Gestational age and anthropometric data at birth were collected in medical records and small for gestational age was defined according to a French customized growth standard. During interviews, mothers were asked to report their job status during pregnancy. If employed, their occupation was coded according to the International Standard Classification of Occupations 1988 and the date on which they stopped their work was recorded. Cumulative exposure to ELF EMF during pregnancy was assessed, for both mothers who worked and those who did not during pregnancy, using a recently-updated job-exposure matrix (JEM). Cumulative exposure was considered as a categorical variable (< 17.5, 17.5–23.8, 23.8–36.2, 36.2–61.6 or ≥ 61.6 μT-days), a binary variable (< 44.1 and ≥ 44.1 μT-days) and a continuous variable. Associations were analyzed by logistic regression, adjusting for the mother's lifestyle factors, sociodemographic characteristics and some mother's medical history during and before pregnancy. Analyses were restricted to single births and to complete values for the pregnancy outcomes (n = 16,733).

Results

Cumulative exposure was obtained for 96.0% of the mothers. Among them, 37.5% were classified in the 23.8–36.2 μT-days category, but high exposures were rare: 1.3% in the ≥ 61.6 μT-days category and 5.5% in the ≥ 44.1 μT-days category. No significant association was observed between maternal cumulative exposure and moderate prematurity and small for gestational age in this exposure range.

Conclusion

This large population-based study does not suggest that maternal exposure to ELF EMF during pregnancy is highly associated with risks of moderate prematurity or small for gestational age.



中文翻译:

Elfe队列中孕产妇累积暴露于极低频电磁场和妊娠结局

目标

研究孕妇在极低频电磁场(ELF EMF)中的累积暴露与Elfe队列中中度早产和胎龄较小的风险之间的关系。

方法

Elfe研究纳入了2011年法国18329名胎龄为33周或以上的婴儿,旨在追踪这些儿童直至20岁。胎龄和人体测量数据收集在病历中,而胎龄小则根据法国定制的生长标准进行定义。在采访中,母亲被要求报告怀孕期间的工作状况。如果受雇,则根据1988年国际职业标准分类对他们的职业进行编码,并记录他们停止工作的日期。使用最近更新的工作暴露矩阵(JEM),对工作和未工作的母亲在怀孕期间的ELF EMF累积暴露进行了评估。累积暴露被视为分类变量(<17.5、17.5–23.8、23。8–36.2、36.2–61.6或≥61.6μT-days),二进制变量(<44.1和≥44.1μT-days)和连续变量。通过逻辑回归分析对关联性进行分析,并针对母亲的生活方式因素,社会人口统计学特征以及某些母亲在怀孕期间和怀孕之前的病史进行调整。分析仅限于单胎和完整的妊娠结局值(n  = 16,733)。

结果

96.0%的母亲获得了累积接触。其中,37.5%被归类为23.8–36.2μT-days天类别,但很少有高暴露量:≥61.6μT-days类为1.3%,≥44.1μT-days类为5.5%。在此暴露范围内,未发现孕妇累积暴露与中度早产之间的显着相关,而胎龄较小。

结论

这项基于人群的大型研究并不表明孕妇在怀孕期间接触ELF EMF与中度早产风险或胎龄较小的风险高度相关。

更新日期:2017-12-23
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