Gallium‐based liquid metal alloys (GaLMAs) are a unique class of advanced materials with the potential to offer unprecedented opportunities in stretchable and reconfigurable electronics. Despite their promise, the development of liquid metal electronics must overcome several challenges for widespread application. In particular, stable electrical contacts have been identified as a critical challenge for the integration of GaLMAs in electronic circuits and systems. Since gallium alloys rapidly with most metals, GaLMAs lead to unstable or mechanically sensitive interfaces when combined with metal electrodes or interconnects, thereby preventing the reliable integration of eutectic gallium‐indium (eGaIn) functionality with conventional electronics. Here, printed graphene is demonstrated as a reliable and high‐performance interfacial layer to enable electrical connections to eGaIn. A thin film (≈100 nm) of graphene printed between conventional silver leads and eGaIn acts as a physical barrier, effectively passivating the surface against alloying while retaining the ability to conduct current across the interface. Moreover, graphene interfacial contacts offer excellent durability, with thermal stability to 300 °C, robust tolerance to mechanical bending, and chemical inertness. By leveraging this unique strategy to stabilize liquid metal contacts, a reconfigurable liquid metal electrical switch is fabricated with significantly improved longevity.

中文翻译：

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接线液态金属：可打印的石墨烯墨水可实现稳定且坚固的电接触

镓基液态金属合金（GaLMAs）是一类独特的高级材料，具有为可拉伸和可重构电子产品提供空前机遇的潜力。尽管有希望，液态金属电子学的发展必须克服广泛应用的若干挑战。特别地，稳定的电触点已被认为是将GaLMA集成到电子电路和系统中的关键挑战。由于镓合金与大多数金属迅速结合，因此GaLMAs与金属电极或互连件结合时会导致不稳定或机械敏感的界面，从而妨碍了共晶镓铟（eGaIn）功能与常规电子设备的可靠集成。这里，印刷石墨烯被证明是一种可靠的高性能界面层，可实现与eGaIn的电气连接。在传统的银引线和eGaIn之间印刷的石墨烯薄膜（≈100nm）充当物理屏障，有效钝化表面以防止合金化，同时保留在界面上传导电流的能力。此外，石墨烯界面触点具有出色的耐用性，对300°C的热稳定性，对机械弯曲的耐受力强，化学惰性。通过利用这种独特的策略来稳定液态金属触点，可以显着提高使用寿命，从而制造出一种可重新配置的液态金属电气开关。有效地钝化表面以防止合金化，同时保持在界面上传导电流的能力。此外，石墨烯界面触点具有出色的耐用性，对300°C的热稳定性，对机械弯曲的耐受力强，化学惰性。通过利用这种独特的策略来稳定液态金属触点，可以显着提高使用寿命，从而制造出一种可重新配置的液态金属电气开关。有效地钝化表面以防止合金化，同时保持在界面上传导电流的能力。此外，石墨烯界面触点具有出色的耐用性，对300°C的热稳定性，对机械弯曲的耐受力强，化学惰性。通过利用这种独特的策略来稳定液态金属触点，可以显着提高使用寿命，从而制造出一种可重新配置的液态金属电气开关。