A survey of recent literature on wetting phenomena reveals that there is a fast-growing interest in wetting of soft or deformable substrates, due to its potential applications in many industrial, technical and biological processes. Unlike rigid substrates, a droplet deposited on a soft substrate deforms the substrate via a combination of the normal component of surface tension and the Laplace pressure, i.e. by capillary force and the action of disjoining pressure. In turn, the capillary and disjoining pressure-induced substrate deformation affects the wetting phenomena on the substrate. In this review, we summarize recent achievements on static and dynamic wetting of soft substrates and provide an outlook to future progress. In static wetting, theoretical, numerical and experimental investigations of capillary and disjoining pressure-induced substrate deformation are introduced, and corresponding effects on contact angle and contact angle hysteresis are discussed. In dynamic wetting, the influence of substrate stiffness on spontaneous wetting, droplet impact dynamics, and other types of forced wetting and dewetting is considered. Finally, other interesting capillarity-controlled phenomena occurring on soft and soft-like substrates are briefly introduced.

对有关润湿现象的最新文献的调查显示，由于其在许多工业，技术和生物过程中的潜在应用，人们对润湿软的或可变形的基材的兴趣迅速增长。与刚性基材不同，沉积在软质基材上的液滴会通过表面张力的正常分量和拉普拉斯压力的组合（即通过毛细作用力和解体力的作用）使基材变形。反过来，毛细作用和分离的压力引起的基底变形会影响基底上的润湿现象。在这篇综述中，我们总结了在软性基材静态和动态润湿方面的最新成就，并对未来的进展提供了展望。在静态润湿中，介绍了毛细管和分离的压力引起的基底变形的理论，数值和实验研究，并讨论了对接触角和接触角滞后的相应影响。在动态润湿中，考虑了基材刚度对自发润湿，液滴冲击动力学以及其他类型的强制润湿和反润湿的影响。最后，简要介绍了在柔软的和类似柔软的基材上发生的其他有趣的毛细现象控制现象。