Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) has been widely used for tissue engineering applications and is becoming increasingly versatile as it can take many forms, including patches, powders, and hydrogels. Following additional processing, decellularized ECM can form an inducible hydrogel that can be injected, providing for new minimally-invasive procedure opportunities. ECM hydrogels have been derived from numerous tissue sources and applied to treat many disease models, such as ischemic injuries and organ regeneration or replacement. This review will focus on in vivo applications of ECM hydrogels and functional outcomes in disease models, as well as discuss considerations for clinical translation.

Statement of Significance

Extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogel therapies are being developed to treat diseased or damaged tissues and organs throughout the body. Many ECM hydrogels are progressing from in vitro models to in vivo biocompatibility studies and functional models. There is significant potential for clinical translation of these therapies since one ECM hydrogel therapy is already in a Phase 1 clinical trial.

中文翻译：

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细胞外基质水凝胶疗法：体内应用和开发

脱细胞的细胞外基质（ECM）已被广泛用于组织工程应用，并且由于其可以采用多种形式（包括贴剂，粉末和水凝胶）而变得越来越通用。经过额外的处理，脱细胞的ECM可以形成可注射的诱导水凝胶，从而提供了新的微创手术机会。ECM水凝胶已衍生自众多组织来源，并用于治疗多种疾病模型，例如缺血性损伤和器官再生或置换。这篇综述将侧重于ECM水凝胶的体内应用和疾病模型中的功能结果，并讨论临床翻译的考虑因素。

重要声明

细胞外基质（ECM）水凝胶疗法正在开发中，以治疗全身患病或受损的组织和器官。许多ECM水凝胶正在从体外模型发展到体内生物相容性研究和功能模型。这些疗法的临床翻译潜力巨大，因为一种ECM水凝胶疗法已经在1期临床试验中。