We demonstrate high performance internal light outcoupling structures using nanoparicle-embedded hole transport layers (NE-HTLs) for solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The NE-HTLs show smoothly formed corrugated surfaces. The OLEDs with NE-HTLs show enhanced power efficiencies by a factor of 1.44 for polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles and 1.78 for SiO₂ nanoparticles, respectively. These improvements are mainly attributed to the reduced total internal reflection at the interfaces of organic layers and transparent electrodes in devices by introducing NE-HTLs. Because the internal light outcoupling structures are prepared on top of the transparent electrode, a damage of organic layers and deterioration of the electrical and optical properties of transparent electrodes are not induced. In addition, the OLEDs with NE-HTLs show the angle-independent light outcoupling enhancement. It is expected that the NE-HTLs fabricated by the simple solution process can contribute to the development of efficient internal outcoupling structures for OLEDs.

我们展示了使用内部纳米粒子嵌入的空穴传输层（NE-HTL）进行溶液处理的有机发光二极管（OLED）的高性能内部光输出耦合结构。NE-HTL显示出光滑的波纹表面。带有NE-HTL的OLED的功率效率提高了，聚苯乙烯（PS）纳米颗粒提高了1.44倍，SiO _2提高了1.78倍纳米颗粒。这些改进主要归因于通过引入NE-HTL减少了器件中有机层和透明电极的界面处的全内反射。因为内部光输出结构是在透明电极的顶部制备的，所以不会引起有机层的损坏以及透明电极的电学和光学性能的降低。此外，具有NE-HTL的OLED显示出与角度无关的光输出耦合增强。期望通过简单的解决方法制造的NE-HTL可以为OLED的有效内部输出耦合结构的发展做出贡献。