Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety ( IF 6.8 ) Pub Date : 2017-12-18 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.12.036 Chunyan Wang , Darioush Alidoust , Xueling Yang , Akihiro Isoda
Improvements in plant physiological performance by means of biochar application in soils contaminated by multi-elements are determinants of agroecosystem functioning. This study analyzed the effects of bamboo-derived biochar on root nodulation and plant growth in a moderately acidic Andosol (pH = 5.56) contaminated with multi-elements during a 70-day investigation of soybean growth.
Bamboo biochar that had been pyrolyzed at a temperature below 500 °C was applied to soils at three different and moderately high rates (5%, 10%, and 15%, w/w). Biochar amendment beyond 5% stimulated root nodulation as well as soybean growth. The nodule weight per root system was significantly enhanced by 186% and 243% over the control at the 10% and 15% addition rates, respectively. The primary explanation for these stimulatory effects was attributed to an increase in the K and Mo supplies for plant uptake that was induced by the biochar application, whereas the increased availability of P contributed to a lesser extent. Leaf CO2 assimilation rate was slightly enhanced at the highest application rate, but this enhancement was not associated with an increase in biomass. The incorporation of biochar into the soil reduced extractable-NH4NO3 Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Zn, but not Pb, regardless of the application dose. This change was accompanied by a significant (P < 0.05) suppression of the uptake od trace elements in soybean shoots at the optimum application rate (10%); the degree of reduction followed this order: Pb>Mn>Cd>Zn>Cu>Ni. The increase in soil pH and the diffusion/adsorption of trace elements onto the biochar may have contributed to the lowering of the concentration of trace elements in the soil as well as in soybean shoots.
中文翻译:
竹炭对多元素污染土壤大豆根瘤根瘤的影响
通过生物炭在多元素污染的土壤中施用生物炭来改善植物的生理性能是农业生态系统功能的决定因素。这项研究在为期70天的大豆生长调查中,分析了竹源生物炭对受多种元素污染的中度酸性Andosol(pH = 5.56)中根瘤和植物生长的影响。
在低于500°C的温度下热解的竹生物炭以三种不同且中等较高的比率(5%,10%和15%,w / w)施用于土壤。超过5%的生物炭改良剂刺激了根瘤和大豆生长。在添加量为10%和15%时,每个根系的根瘤重量分别比对照显着增加了186%和243%。对这些刺激作用的主要解释是由于生物炭的施用导致植物吸收钾和钼的量增加,而磷的有效性增加的程度较小。叶CO 2在最高施用量下,同化率略有提高,但这种提高与生物量的增加无关。将生物炭掺入土壤中可还原的可提取的NH 4 NO 3 Cd,Cu,Mn,Ni和Zn而不是Pb,无论施用剂量如何。在最佳施用量(10%)下,这种变化伴随着大豆芽中微量元素的吸收显着(P <0.05)抑制;还原度遵循以下顺序:Pb> Mn> Cd> Zn> Cu> Ni。土壤pH值的增加以及微量元素在生物炭上的扩散/吸附可能有助于降低土壤以及大豆芽中微量元素的浓度。