Supply of safe fresh water is currently one of the most important global issues. Membranes technologies are essential to treat water efficiently with low costs and energy consumption. Here, the development of self‐organized nanostructured water treatment membranes based on ionic liquid crystals composed of ammonium, imidazolium, and pyridinium moieties is reported. Membranes with preserved 1D or 3D self‐organized sub‐nanopores are obtained by photopolymerization of ionic columnar or bicontinuous cubic liquid crystals. These membranes show salt rejection ability, ion selectivity, and excellent water permeability. The relationships between the structures and the transport properties of water molecules and ionic solutes in the sub‐nanopores in the membranes are examined by molecular dynamics simulations. The results suggest that the volume of vacant space in the nanochannel greatly affects the water and ion permeability.

中文翻译：

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基于热致液晶的纳米结构水处理膜的开发：亚纳米孔材料的分子设计

安全的淡水供应目前是全球最重要的问题之一。膜技术对于以低成本和低能耗高效处理水至关重要。在此，报道了基于由铵，咪唑鎓和吡啶鎓部分组成的离子液晶的自组织纳米结构水处理膜的开发。具有保留的1D或3D自组织亚纳米孔的膜是通过离子柱状或双连续立方液晶的光聚合获得的。这些膜显示出脱盐能力，离子选择性和出色的水渗透性。通过分子动力学模拟研究了膜中亚纳米孔中水分子和离子溶质的结构与迁移特性之间的关系。