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Sustainable synthesis of amino acids by catalytic fixation of molecular dinitrogen and carbon dioxide
Green Chemistry ( IF 9.8 ) Pub Date : 2017-12-18 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c7gc02911j
Manuel Rivas 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Luís J. del Valle 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Pau Turon 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Carlos Alemán 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Jordi Puiggalí 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
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The industrial process of nitrogen fixation is complex and results in a huge economic and environmental impact. It requires a catalyst and high temperature and pressure to induce the rupture of the strong N–N bond and subsequent hydrogenation. On the other hand, carbon dioxide removal from the atmosphere has become a priority objective due to the high amount of global carbon dioxide emissions (i.e. 36 200 million tons in 2015). In this work, we fix nitrogen from N2 and carbon from CO2 and CH4 to obtain both glycine and alanine (D/L racemic mixture), the two simplest amino acids. The synthesis, catalyzed by polarized hydroxyapatite under UV light irradiation and conducted in an inert reaction chamber, starts from a simple gas mixture containing N2, CO2, CH4 and H2O and uses mild reaction conditions. At atmospheric pressure and 95 °C, the glycine and alanine molar yields with respect to CH4 or CO2 are about 1.9% and 1.6%, respectively, but they grow to 3.4% and 2.4%, when the pressure increases to 6 bar and the temperature is maintained at 95 °C. Besides, the minimum temperature required for the successful production of detectable amounts of amino acids is 75 °C. Accordingly, an artificial photosynthetic process has been developed by using an electrophotocatalyst based on hydroxyapatite thermally and electrically stimulated and coated with zirconyl chloride and a phosphonate. The synthesis of amino acids by direct fixation of nitrogen and carbon from gas mixtures opens new avenues regarding the nitrogen fixation for industrial purposes and the recycling of carbon dioxide.

中文翻译:

通过分子二氮和二氧化碳的催化固定法可持续地合成氨基酸

固氮的工业过程是复杂的,并导致巨大的经济和环境影响。它需要催化剂和高温高压才能诱导强N–N键断裂和随后的氢化反应。另一方面,由于全球二氧化碳排放量很高(2015年为362亿吨),从大气中清除二氧化碳已成为一个优先目标。在这项工作中,我们将N 2中的氮固定,并将CO 2和CH 4中的碳固定,以获得甘氨酸和丙氨酸(D / L外消旋混合物),两个最简单的氨基酸。在紫外线辐射下,偏振羟基磷灰石催化并在惰性反应室中进行合成,该合成过程从包含N 2,CO 2,CH 4和H 2 O的简单气体混合物开始,并使用温和的反应条件。在大气压和95°C下,相对于CH 4或CO 2的甘氨酸和丙氨酸摩尔产率压力分别约为1.9%和1.6%,但当压力增加至6 bar且温度保持在95°C时,它们分别增长至3.4%和2.4%。此外,成功产生可检测量的氨基酸所需的最低温度为75°C。因此,已经开发了通过使用基于羟基磷灰石的电光催化剂进行热和电刺激并用锆酰氯和膦酸酯涂覆的人工光合作用方法。通过从气体混合物中直接固定氮和碳来合成氨基酸,为工业固定氮和二氧化碳的循环利用开辟了新途径。
更新日期:2018-02-06
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