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Fate and exposure modeling in regulatory chemical evaluation: new directions from retrospection
Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts ( IF 5.5 ) Pub Date : 2017-12-14 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c7em00510e
Mark A. Bonnell 1, 2, 3 , Angelika Zidek 3, 4, 5 , Adam Griffiths 3, 4, 5 , Don Gutzman 1, 2, 3
Affiliation  

The development and application of fate and exposure modeling has undergone fundamental changes over the last 20 years. This has, in part, been driven by different needs within the regulatory community to address chemicals of concern using different approaches. Here we present a retrospective look at fate and exposure model application over the last two decades keeping an international regulatory perspective and using the Government of Canada's Chemicals Management Plan to illustrate concepts. We discuss the important role fate and exposure modeling has played to help address key data gaps when evaluating the risk of chemicals for both human health and ecological reasons. Yet limitations for more widespread model application within a regulatory context remain. Consequently, we identify specific data gaps and regulatory needs with an eye towards new directions for 21st century chemical evaluation. We suggest that one factor limiting greater model application is the need for increased awareness and agreement of what chemical exposure assessment encompasses within the risk assessment paradigm. This is of particular importance today because of the increased availability of computational and high-throughput data and methods for chemical assessment allowing evaluators to potentially examine exposure from site of release to site of toxic action, thus linking exposure with toxicology. We further suggest there is a need for discussion at a global level to promote the awareness of new tools and approaches available for fate and exposure modeling and suggest that this could be organized using the aggregate exposure pathways concept.

中文翻译:

监管化学评估中的命运和暴露模型:回顾的新方向

在过去的20年中,命运和暴露模型的开发和应用发生了根本变化。在某种程度上,这是由监管机构内部使用不同方法来解决所关注的化学品的不同需求所驱动的。在这里,我们将回顾过去两个世纪中命运和暴露模型的应用,同时保留国际法规的观点,并使用加拿大政府的《化学品管理计划》来说明概念。我们讨论了命运和暴露模型在评估出于人类健康和生态原因的化学物质风险时有助于弥补关键数据空白的重要作用。然而,在监管范围内,更广泛的模型应用仍然受到限制。所以,ST世纪化学评估。我们建议限制更大的模型应用的一个因素是需要提高对风险评估范式中所含化学物质暴露评估的认识和达成共识。由于对计算和高通量数据以及用于化学评估的方法的可用性越来越高,今天的这一点尤为重要,这使评估人员可以潜在地检查从释放部位到毒性作用部位的暴露,从而将暴露与毒理学联系起来。我们进一步建议,有必要在全球范围内进行讨论,以提高人们对命运和暴露模型可用的新工具和方法的认识,并建议可以使用总体暴露途径概念来进行组织。
更新日期:2017-12-14
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