Distinct forms of acquired neurocognitive impairment are often described by “a” prefixed terms that derive from ancient Greek (and in one case Latin). Two modern English language neurological and neuropsychological reference books were searched to identify 17 such terms in contemporary usage: amnesia, akinesia, ataxia, aphasia, agraphia, anosmia, apraxia, athetosis, ageusia, achromatopsia, agnosia, alexia, amusia, anomia, anarthria, anosognosia, and acalculia. These were traced to their initial association with acquired neurocognitive impairment in German, English, and French language medical publications from the late 18th, 19th, and early 20th centuries (1770 through 1920). Some of these terms (e.g., agnosia) were used in ancient Greek, although not associated with neurocognitive impairment. The remainder constitute novel semantically plausible (e.g., anosmia) and unclear (e.g., alexia) formulations. In the localizationist thinking of the time, neurocognition was conceived as being organized within specialized “centers” in specific locations connected by pathways within the brain.

中文翻译：

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关于获得性神经认知障碍的古希腊语衍生的“ a”前缀命名法的历史观点

获得性神经认知障碍的不同形式通常用“ a”前缀术语来描述，该术语源自古希腊语（在某些情况下为拉丁语）。搜索了两本现代英语神经病学和神经心理学参考书，以找出17种在当代使用的术语：健忘症，运动障碍，共济失调，失语症，失语症，失语症，失用症，失语症，失语症，失语症，失语症，失语症，无氧血症，失语症，失语症，失语症失语症和失语症。这些可以追溯到18世纪末，19世纪和20世纪初（1770年至1920年）在德语，英语和法语医学出版物中与获得性神经认知障碍的最初关联。其中一些术语（例如，不可知性）在古希腊语中使用，尽管与神经认知障碍无关。其余部分构成新颖的语义上合理的（例如，失眠症）和不清楚的（例如，无症状的）病历。在当时的本地化思想中，神经认知被认为是组织在特定“中心”内的特定位置，该特定“中心”通过大脑内的途径连接起来的特定位置。