Scenarios are important tools to facilitate the communication among scientists, practitioners, and decision-makers, and, thus to support policy and management decisions. The use of scenarios has an enormous potential to reduce ecosystem restoration costs and to optimize benefits, but this potential remains poorly explored. Here, we recommend and illustrate six best practices to guide the use of scenarios for planning native ecosystem restoration. We argue, first, for a participatory process to consider aspirations of multiple stakeholders along the whole scenario building process, from planning to implementation and review phases. Second, targeted restoration outcomes should be defined by key-actors (those who have direct interests in restoration) and directly involved stakeholders, within a clear socio-environmental context and under a well-defined problem statement, considering a broad range of nature and human benefits that can be derived from ecosystem restoration. Third, methodological choices, such as scenario types, spatial and temporal scales, drivers, restoration-related variables, and indicators, should be defined according to the multiple desired outcomes. Fourth, we encourage the consideration of the interactions among variables, within a spatially explicit, and temporally dynamic multi-criteria approach. Fifth, analysis and dissemination of scenario results should highlight the trade-offs and synergies among different restoration outcomes, identifying the scenarios that maximize benefits and minimize costs and resistance (i.e. the cost-effective and most feasible scenario) for multiple targets. Finally, promoting capacity building, through a wider consultation process including interaction with a broader group of stakeholders, is critical for the successful implementation and review of restoration interventions. Scenarios that support ecosystem restoration should follow an adaptive and iterative process, aiming to continuously improve restoration interventions and outcomes.

方案是促进科学家，从业人员和决策者之间交流的重要工具，因此可以支持政策和管理决策。情景的使用具有减少生态系统恢复成本和优化收益的巨大潜力，但这种潜力的探索仍很薄弱。在此，我们建议并举例说明六种最佳实践，以指导使用方案来规划本地生态系统恢复。我们首先争辩说，一个参与性过程要在规划，实施和审查阶段的整个场景构建过程中考虑多个利益相关者的愿望。第二，有针对性的修复结果应由关键角色（在修复中具有直接利益的人）定义，并在明确的社会环境环境下和明确定义的问题陈述下直接参与利益相关者的考虑，并考虑到广泛的自然和人类利益可以从生态系统恢复中得出。第三，应根据多种预期结果确定方法选择，例如情景类型，时空尺度，驱动因素，与恢复有关的变量和指标。第四，我们鼓励在空间上明确且在时间上动态的多准则方法中考虑变量之间的相互作用。第五，对方案结果的分析和传播应强调不同恢复结果之间的取舍和协同作用，确定为多个目标最大化收益，最小化成本和阻力的方案（即具有成本效益和最可行的方案）。最后，通过更广泛的咨询过程（包括与更广泛的利益相关者互动）促进能力建设，对于成功实施和审查恢复干预措施至关重要。支持生态系统恢复的方案应遵循自适应和迭代的过程，旨在不断改善恢复干预措施和结果。