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Composted biogas residue and spent mushroom substrate as a growth medium for tomato and pepper seedlings
Journal of Environmental Management ( IF 8.7 ) Pub Date : 2017-09-27 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.09.056
Xingyao Meng , Jiali Dai , Yue Zhang , Xiaofen Wang , Wanbin Zhu , Xufeng Yuan , Hongli Yuan , Zongjun Cui

A composted material derived from biogas production residues, spent mushroom substrate (SMS) and pig manure was evaluated as a partial or total replacement for peat in growth medium for tomato and pepper seedlings. Five different substrates were tested: T1, compost + perlite (5:1, v:v); T2, compost + peat + perlite (4:1:1, v:v:v); T3, compost + peat + perlite (2.5:2.5:1, v:v:v); T4, compost + peat + perlite (1:4:1, v:v:v); and CK, a commercial peat + perlite (5:1, v:v). The physical-chemical characteristics of the various media were analyzed, and the germination rate and morphological growth were also measured. Real-time Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to quantify Fusarium concentrations. The addition of compost to peat-based growth medium increased the pH, electrical conductivity, air porosity, bulk density, and nutrition (NPK), and decreased the water holding capacity and total porosity. The use of compost did not affect the percent germination at day 15 of the tomato and pepper seedlings. The addition of compost resulted in better or comparable seedling quality compared with CK and fertilized CK. The best growth parameters were seen in tomato and pepper seedlings grown in T1 and T2, with higher morphological growth in comparison with CK and fertilized CK. However, T2 showed the highest Fusarium concentration compared to compost and all growth media. Fusarium concentrations in T1, T3, and T4 did not differ significantly from those in CK for tomato seedlings, and those in T1 and T4 were also similar to those in CK for pepper seedlings. The results suggest that biogas residues and SMS compost is a good alternative to peat, allowing 100% replacement, and that 20–50% replacement produces tomato and pepper seedlings with higher morphological growth and lower Fusarium concentrations.



中文翻译:

堆肥沼气残渣和用过的蘑菇基质作为番茄和辣椒幼苗的生长培养基

评估了源自沼气生产残留物,废蘑菇底物(SMS)和猪粪的堆肥材料,作为番茄和辣椒幼苗生长培养基中泥炭的部分或全部替代品。测试了五种不同的基材:T1,堆肥+珍珠岩(5:1,v:v);T2,堆肥+泥炭+珍珠岩(4:1:1,v:v:v); T3,堆肥+泥炭+珍珠岩(2.5:2.5:1,v:v:v); T4,堆肥+泥炭+珍珠岩(1:4:1,v:v:v); 和CK,商品泥炭+珍珠岩(5:1,v:v)。分析了各种培养基的理化特性,并测定了其发芽率和形态生长。实时定量PCR(qPCR)用于定量镰刀菌浓度。向基于泥炭的生长培养基中添加堆肥可提高pH值,电导率,空气孔隙率,堆积密度和营养(NPK),并降低保水能力和总孔隙率。堆肥的使用不会影响番茄和辣椒幼苗在第15天的发芽百分比。与CK和施肥的CK相比,堆肥的添加可以带来更好或相当的幼苗质量。在T1和T2种植的番茄和辣椒幼苗中,生长参数最佳,与CK和受精CK相比,形态生长更高。但是,与堆肥和所有生长培养基相比,T2的镰刀菌浓度最高。镰刀菌番茄幼苗的T1,T3和T4中的浓度与CK相比无显着差异,而胡椒幼苗的T1,T4中的浓度也与CK相似。结果表明,沼气残余物和SMS堆肥是泥炭的良好替代品,可以100%替代,而20–50%替代可生产出形态和生长浓度较高且番茄镰刀菌浓度较低的番茄和辣椒幼苗。

更新日期:2017-09-27
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