An optimization-based supply chain management framework for municipal solid waste (MSW) to liquid transportation fuels (WTL) processes is presented. First, a thorough analysis of landfill operations and annual amounts of MSW that are deposited across the contiguous United States is conducted and compared with similar studies. A quantitative supply chain framework that simultaneously accounts for the upstream and downstream WTL value chain operations is then presented. A large-scale mixed-integer linear optimization model that captures the interactions among MSW feedstock availabilities and locations, WTL refinery locations, and product delivery locations and demand capacities is described. The model is solved for both the nationwide and statewide WTL supply chains across numerous case studies. The results of the framework yield insights into the strategic placement of WTL refineries in the United States as well as topological information on the feedstock and product flows. The results suggest that large-scale WTL supply chains can be competitive, with breakeven oil prices ranging between $64–$77 per barrel.

提出了一种基于优化的供应链管理框架，用于城市固体废物（MSW）到液体运输燃料（WTL）的过程。首先，对填埋场的运营情况和在美国各地堆积的城市生活垃圾的年度数量进行了全面分析，并将其与类似研究进行了比较。然后提出了一个量化的供应链框架，该框架同时考虑了上游和下游WTL价值链的运作。描述了一个大型混合整数线性优化模型，该模型捕获了城市固体废弃物原料可用性和位置，WTL精炼厂位置以及产品交付位置和需求能力之间的相互作用。在众多案例研究中，已为全国和州的WTL供应链解决了该模型。该框架的结果使人们对WTL精炼厂在美国的战略布局以及有关原料和产品流的拓扑信息有了深刻的了解。结果表明，大规模的WTL供应链可以具有竞争力，盈亏平衡的油价在每桶64-77美元之间。