Abstract Twenty three glass bracelets fragments of different colors and appearances excavated at Păcuiul lui Soare, Dobrogea, Romania and dated to the 10th–11th century AD were analyzed for their chemical composition using Particle-Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) and Particle-Induced Gamma-ray Emission (PIGE) techniques at AGLAE accelerator of Centre de Recherche et de Restauration des Musees de France (C2RMF), Paris. Analytical data showed that all bracelets are soda-lime-silica glass of intermediate recipes, with compositional patterns between the natron and plant ash ranges, indicating practices of extensive glass recycling. Păcuiul lui Soare glass bracelets turned out to be similar in composition with the ones found in other nearby coeval sites, but also with bangles discovered in more remote Byzantine sites. The analyses revealed that the same technological choices have been made to produce the bracelets, namely they have been produced in workshops that had access to vitreous artefacts of different compositions, i.e. produced using distinct types of fluxes. Recycling seem to be a characteristics for all glass bangles produced in the Byzantine Empire at the end of the first millennium AD, regardless of their finding place and dating. As concerning the glass color, blue hues in Păcuiul lui Soare were induced by the presence of small amounts of cobalt (hundreds of ppm), while the green and black colors were correlated to high concentrations of iron. Opaque red glass stripes turned out to be rich in copper. The most likely candidate for the pale yellow pigment decorating the outer surfaces of several bracelets was identified as lead tin yellow. Producing these bangles by apparently indiscriminate procedures of glass re-melting involves a certain degree of ease and this might explain the discovery of such an outstanding number of glass bracelets in all the Byzantine sites from the Lower Danube.

中文翻译：

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在多瑙河下游发现的拜占庭玻璃手镯的成分研究

摘要 使用粒子诱导 X 射线发射 (PIXE) 和粒子诱导 X 射线发射 (PIXE) 分析了在罗马尼亚多布罗加的 Păcuiul lui Soare 出土的 23 件不同颜色和外观的玻璃手镯碎片，其年代可追溯至公元 10-11 世纪。巴黎法国博物馆研究中心 (C2RMF) 的 AGLAE 加速器中的伽马射线发射 (PIGE) 技术。分析数据显示，所有手镯都是中等配方的钠钙硅玻璃，其成分模式介于 natron 和植物灰分之间，表明玻璃广泛回收的做法。Păcuiul lui Soare 玻璃手镯在成分上与附近其他同时代遗址中发现的类似，但与在更偏远的拜占庭遗址中发现的手镯相似。分析表明，生产手镯采用了相同的技术选择，即它们是在可以使用不同成分的玻璃制品的车间生产的，即使用不同类型的助熔剂生产。回收似乎是公元第一个千年末拜占庭帝国生产的所有玻璃手镯的一个特征，无论它们的发现地点和年代如何。至于玻璃颜色，Păcuiul lui Soare 的蓝色色调是由少量钴（数百 ppm）的存在引起的，而绿色和黑色与高浓度的铁相关。结果证明，不透明的红色玻璃条纹富含铜。几个手镯外表面装饰的淡黄色颜料最有可能的候选物被确定为铅锡黄。