Water-soluble sulfated polysaccharides extracted from Ulva intestinalis and fractionated using DEAE Sepharose fast flow column to identify their molecular properties and macrophage cells stimulating activities. Crude and fractions (F1 and F2) were formed of neutral sugars (58.7-74.7%), sulfates (6.2-24.5%), uronic acids (4.9-5.9%) and proteins (3.2-10.4%). Different levels of sugar constituents including rhamnose (30.1-39.1%), glucose (39.0-48.4%), galactose (0.0-15.8%), xylose (8.5-11.3) and arabinose (0.0-5.1%). The molecular weight (Mw) of crude and fractionated polysaccharides ranged from 87.1 × 103 to 194.1 × 103 (g/mol). Crude polysaccharides were not toxic to RAW264.7 cells and fractions induced cell proliferation. Fraction F1 stimulated RAW264.7 cells to release considerable amounts of nitric oxide, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-12 cytokines. The main backbone of the most immunostimulating polysaccharide (F1) was consisted of mixed linkages of (1 → 2)-linked rhamnose and (1 → 2)-linked glucose residues.

中文翻译：

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石莼水溶性多糖：分子特性、结构阐明和免疫调节活性

从石莼中提取的水溶性硫酸化多糖，使用 DEAE Sepharose 快速流动柱进行分馏，以鉴定其分子特性和巨噬细胞刺激活性。粗品和馏分（F1 和 F2）由中性糖（58.7-74.7%）、硫酸盐（6.2-24.5%）、糖醛酸（4.9-5.9%）和蛋白质（3.2-10.4%）组成。不同水平的糖成分包括鼠李糖（30.1-39.1%）、葡萄糖（39.0-48.4%）、半乳糖（0.0-15.8%）、木糖（8.5-11.3）和阿拉伯糖（0.0-5.1%）。粗多糖和分馏多糖的分子量 (Mw) 范围为 87.1 × 103 至 194.1 × 103 (g/mol)。粗多糖对RAW264.7细胞没有毒性，并且级分诱导细胞增殖。F1 级分刺激 RAW264.7 细胞释放大量一氧化氮、IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-10 和 IL-12 细胞因子。最具免疫刺激性的多糖 (F1) 的主要骨架由 (1 → 2)-连接的鼠李糖和 (1 → 2)-连接的葡萄糖残基的混合键组成。