Abstract An innovative way of producing micro-mesoporous enriched active carbon (AC) materials from mixtures of petroleum industrial waste (oily sludge) and agricultural residue (rice husk) is presented. The quality of the products was evaluated by N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms and methylene blue (MB) adsorption tests. The asphaltene content of the oily sludge significantly affected the AC's specific surface area. The higher asphaltene content led to a higher specific surface area (2575 m2/g) than that observed for the mixture with a lower asphaltene content (1849 m2/g). Moreover, the ACs derived from mixtures of raw materials exhibited lower microporosity levels than those prepared with only oily sludge or rick husk. This may have been caused by the asphaltenes contained in oily sludge forming a carbon skeleton with the ash from the rice husk wrapped inside, generating more mesopores. The products prepared from the mixture also possessed far more oxygen-containing functional groups than AC produced from oily sludge alone. Meanwhile, the cellulose in the rice husk appeared to increase the amount of oxygen-functional groups in the AC products. The highest MB adsorption capabilities for the two AC samples were 588.24 and 757.58 mg/g for AC-S1-3 and AC-S2-3, respectively. The Langmuir model fitted the experimental data better than the Freundlich model, suggesting the process can be described as homogeneous monolayer adsorption. X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data revealed the amorphous nature of the carbon in the AC products. Overall, mixtures of oily sludge and rice husk offer a promising option for preparing porous AC.

中文翻译：

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由石油衍生油泥和生物质混合物制备的微孔和介孔富集碳材料

摘要 提出了一种利用石油工业废料（油泥）和农业残留物（稻壳）的混合物生产微介孔富集活性炭（AC）材料的创新方法。通过N2吸附-解吸等温线和亚甲蓝（MB）吸附试验评估产品的质量。含油污泥的沥青质含量显着影响活性炭的比表面积。与沥青质含量较低的混合物（1849 平方米/克）相比，较高的沥青质含量导致更高的比表面积（2575 平方米/克）。此外，与仅用油泥或稻壳制备的活性炭相比，源自原料混合物的活性炭具有更低的微孔率水平。这可能是由于含油污泥中的沥青质与稻壳灰包裹在里面形成碳骨架，产生更多的中孔。由混合物制备的产物也比单独从含油污泥制备的 AC 具有更多的含氧官能团。同时，稻壳中的纤维素似乎增加了 AC 产品中氧官能团的数量。对于 AC-S1-3 和 AC-S2-3，两个 AC 样品的最高 MB 吸附能力分别为 588.24 和 757.58 mg/g。Langmuir 模型比 Freundlich 模型更适合实验数据，表明该过程可以描述为均匀单层吸附。X 射线衍射和 X 射线光电子能谱数据揭示了 AC 产品中碳的无定形性质。全面的，