Abstract Catalytic upgrading of biomass pyrolysis vapours is a potential method for the production of hydrocarbon fuel intermediates. This work attempts to study the catalytic upgrading of pyrolysis vapours in a pilot scale FCC riser in terms of hydrodynamics, residence time distribution (RTD) and chemical reactions by CFD simulation. NREL's Davison Circulating Riser (DCR) reactor was used for this investigation. CFD simulation was performed using 2-D Eulerian–Eulerian method which is computationally less demanding than the alternative Euler-Lagrangian method. First, the hydrodynamic model of the riser reactor was validated with the experimental results. A single study of time-averaged solid volume fraction and pressure drop data was used for the validation. The validated hydrodynamic model was extended to simulate hydrodynamic behaviours and catalyst RTD in the Davison Circulating Riser (DCR) reactor. Furthermore, the effects on catalyst RTD were investigated for optimising catalyst performance by varying gas and catalyst flow rates. Finally, the catalytic upgrading of pyrolysis vapours in the DCR riser was attempted for the first time by coupling CFD model with kinetics. A kinetic model for pyrolysis vapours upgrading using a lumping kinetic approach was implemented to quantify the yields of products. Five lumping components, including aromatic hydrocarbons, coke, non–condensable gas, aqueous fraction, and non–volatile heavy compounds (residue) were considered. It was found that the yield of lumping components obtained from the present kinetic model is very low. Thus, the further research needs to be carried out in the area of the kinetic model development to improve the yield prediction.

中文翻译：

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FCC提升管中生物质热解蒸汽催化提质数值模拟

摘要 生物质热解蒸气的催化提质是生产碳氢燃料中间体的一种潜在方法。这项工作试图通过 CFD 模拟在流体动力学、停留时间分布 (RTD) 和化学反应方面研究中试规模 FCC 提升管中热解蒸汽的催化升级。NREL 的戴维森循环提升管 (DCR) 反应器用于本次调查。CFD 模拟是使用 2-D Eulerian-Eulerian 方法进行的，该方法在计算上的要求低于替代 Euler-Lagrangian 方法。首先，通过实验结果验证了提升管反应器的流体动力学模型。时间平均固体体积分数和压降数据的单一研究用于验证。经过验证的流体动力学模型已扩展到模拟戴维森循环提升管 (DCR) 反应器中的流体动力学行为和催化剂 RTD。此外，还研究了对催化剂 RTD 的影响，以通过改变气体和催化剂流​​速来优化催化剂性能。最后，通过将 CFD 模型与动力学耦合，首次尝试对 DCR 提升管中的热解蒸汽进行催化升级。实施使用集总动力学方法的热解蒸汽升级动力学模型来量化产品的产率。考虑了五种结块组分，包括芳烃、焦炭、不凝气、水馏分和非挥发性重化合物（残留物）。发现从目前的动力学模型获得的集总成分的产率非常低。因此，