Employing electric phenomena for the spatial manipulation of bioparticles from whole cells down to dissolved molecules has become a useful tool in biotechnology and analytics. AC electrokinetic effects like dielectrophoresis and AC electroosmosis are increasingly used to concentrate, separate and immobilize DNA and proteins. With the advance of photolithographical micro- and nanofabrication methods, novel or improved bioanalytical applications benefit from concentrating analytes, signal enhancement and locally controlled immobilization by AC electrokinetic effects. In this review of AC electrokinetics of proteins, the respective studies are classified according to their different electrode geometries: individual electrode pairs, interdigitated electrodes, quadrupole electrodes, and 3D configurations of electrode arrays. Known advantages and disadvantages of each layout are discussed.

利用电现象对从整个细胞到溶解分子的生物粒子进行空间操纵已成为生物技术和分析中的有用工具。交流电动力学效应如介电电泳和交流电渗被越来越多地用于浓缩，分离和固定DNA和蛋白质。随着光刻微细加工和纳米细加工方法的发展，新型或改进的生物分析应用受益于分析物的浓缩，信号增强和交流电动效应的局部控制固定化。在对蛋白质交流电动力学的综述中，根据各自的电极几何形状将各自的研究分类：单独的电极对，叉指电极，四极电极和电极阵列的3D配置。