BACKGROUND High fruit and vegetable (F/V) intake may be beneficial for hypertension prevention. However, a prospective association has not been investigated in a Korean population, and differences exist between typical diets in Korea and those of Western populations. OBJECTIVE The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the association between F/V intake and risk of incident hypertension in middle-aged and older Korean adults using the data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES). DESIGN The KoGES is a large community-based cohort study of Korean adults aged 40 to 69 years, which began in May 2001. Questionnaires on demographic information and lifestyle factors were completed at baseline. Anthropometrics and biochemical measurements were conducted biennially. Fruit and vegetable consumption was assessed with a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Hypertension was defined as a systolic blood pressure≥140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING A total of 4,257 participants (2,085 men, 2,172 women) without hypertension at baseline were evaluated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was incident hypertension. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS PERFORMED Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for incident hypertension according to F/V consumption. RESULTS During the 8-year follow-up, 1,158 participants (606 men and 552 women) developed hypertension. Among men, frequent fruit consumers (≥4 servings/day) had a 56% lower risk of incident hypertension than did infrequent consumers (<1 serving/day) (HR=0.44, 95% CI=0.32 to 0.60, P for trend <0.0001). Among women, frequent fruit consumers had a 67% lower risk of incident hypertension than did infrequent consumers (HR=0.33, 95% CI=0.24 to 0.45, P for trend <0.0001), after adjustment for potential confounders. However, there was no association between vegetable consumption and risk of incident hypertension in either men or women. CONCLUSION A higher intake of fruit was prospectively associated with a lower risk of incident hypertension in middle-aged and older Korean adults, regardless of sex.

中文翻译：

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韩国中老年人食用水果和蔬菜与高血压风险的关系

背景高水果和蔬菜 (F/V) 摄入量可能有益于预防高血压。然而，尚未在韩国人群中调查前瞻性关联，韩国和西方人群的典型饮食之间存在差异。目的 本前瞻性研究的目的是利用韩国基因组和流行病学研究 (KoGES) 的数据，调查韩国中年和老年人 F/V 摄入量与高血压发病风险之间的关联。设计 KoGES 是一项针对 40 至 69 岁韩国成年人的大型社区队列研究，于 2001 年 5 月开始。在基线时完成了关于人口统计信息和生活方式因素的问卷调查。人体测量学和生化测量每两年进行一次。水果和蔬菜消耗量通过半定量食物频率问卷进行评估。高血压定义为收缩压≥140 毫米汞柱或舒张压≥90 毫米汞柱。参与者和地点 总共评估了 4,257 名参与者（2,085 名男性，2,172 名女性）在基线时没有高血压。主要结局指标 主要结局是高血压事件。执行的统计分析 根据 F/V 消耗量，使用多变量 Cox 比例风险模型来检查发生高血压的风险比 (HR) 和 95% CI。结果 在 8 年的随访期间，1,158 名参与者（606 名男性和 552 名女性）出现了高血压。在男性中，经常食用水果（≥4 份/天）与不常食用水果（<1 份/天）相比，发生高血压的风险低 56%（HR=0.44，95% CI=0。32 到 0.60，趋势 P <0.0001)。在调整潜在混杂因素后，经常食用水果的女性比不常食用水果的女性患高血压的风险低 67%（HR=0.33，95% CI=0.24 至 0.45，趋势 P <0.0001）。然而，无论男性还是女性，蔬菜摄入量与高血压发病风险之间都没有关联。结论 不论性别，在韩国中年和老年人中，较高的水果摄入量与较低的高血压发病风险相关。无论是男性还是女性，蔬菜摄入量与高血压发病风险之间都没有关联。结论 不论性别，在韩国中年和老年人中，较高的水果摄入量与较低的高血压发病风险相关。无论是男性还是女性，蔬菜摄入量与高血压发病风险之间都没有关联。结论 不论性别，在韩国中年和老年人中，较高的水果摄入量与较低的高血压发病风险相关。