In nanoscience, amphiphilic carbon dots (ACDs) are of great importance due to their excellent transferability for application in biological sensing, imaging and labelling. However, facile synthetic strategies are still limited, especially for obtaining high-emissive ACDs. Since the development of a high-emissive feature is strongly desired for improving the practical resolution in vivo, here we report a chemical strategy that uses rigid molecules to straightforwardly construct amphiphilic carbon dots (ACDs) with high luminescence quantum yields (QYs). By using 1-[bis(dimethylamino)methylene]-1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridinium 3-oxide hexafluorophosphate (HATU), a typical coplanar compound, as the only precursor, well-defined ACDs were prepared via a one-step solvothermal process which exhibited a superior QY of up to 29%, largely superior to those prepared from precursors with less rigid structures. The effect can be mainly attributed to a significant suppression of the competition of non-radiative decay through rigidity derivation. Metal ionic doping during the synthesis resulted in a further improvement of the crystallinity and monodispersity of the materials, with retention of the high-emissive ability. This high-emissive photoluminescence behavior of the ACDs is accompanied with an excitation-wavelength dependence, a high biocompatibility and a low toxicity, which together make the ACDs advantageous for application in multi-channel bioimaging.

中文翻译：

---

通过刚性推导一步溶剂热合成高发射两亲碳​​点†

在纳米科学中，两亲碳点 (ACD) 非常重要，因为它们在生物传感、成像和标记中具有出色的可转移性。然而，简便的合成策略仍然有限，特别是在获得高发射 ACD 方面。由于强烈希望开发高发射特性以提高体内的实际分辨率，因此我们在此报告了一种化学策略，该策略使用刚性分子直接构建具有高发光量子产率 (QY) 的两亲碳点 (ACD)。通过使用典型的共面化合物 1-[bis(dimethylamino)methylene]-1 H -1,2,3-triazolo[4,5- b ]pyridinium 3-oxide hexafluorophosphate (HATU) 作为唯一的前体，很好地准备了定义的 ACD通过一步溶剂热工艺，其 QY 高达 29%，大大优于由具有较低刚性结构的前体制备的工艺。该效应主要归因于通过刚度推导显着抑制了非辐射衰变的竞争。合成过程中金属离子掺杂进一步提高了材料的结晶度和单分散性，同时保持了高发射能力。ACDs的这种高发射光致发光行为伴随着激发波长依赖性、高生物相容性和低毒性，这些共同使得ACDs有利于多通道生物成像的应用。