Recent years have witnessed fierce debates on the dependence of consciousness on interactions between a subject and the environment. Reviewing neuroscientific, computational, and clinical evidence, I will address three questions. First, does conscious experience necessarily depend on acute interactions between a subject and the environment? Second, does it depend on specific perception-action loops in the longer run? Third, which types of action does consciousness cohere with, if not with all of them? I argue that conscious contents do not necessarily depend on acute or long-term brain-environment interactions. Instead, consciousness is proposed to be specifically associated with, and subserve, deliberate, goal-directed behavior (GDB). Brain systems implied in conscious representation are highly connected to, but distinct from, neural substrates mediating GDB and declarative memory.

中文翻译：

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意识、表征、行动：目标导向的重要性

近年来，关于意识对主体与环境之间相互作用的依赖性的激烈辩论。回顾神经科学、计算和临床证据，我将解决三个问题。首先，有意识的体验是否必然依赖于主体与环境之间的敏锐互动？其次，从长远来看，它是否取决于特定的感知-动作循环？第三，如果不是全部，意识与哪些类型的行为一致？我认为有意识的内容不一定取决于急性或长期的大脑-环境相互作用。取而代之的是，意识被提议与故意的、目标导向的行为 (GDB) 相关联并促进这种行为。意识表征中隐含的大脑系统与以下内容高度相关，但又与之不同：