Drastic epigenetic reprogramming takes place during preimplantation development, leading to the conversion of terminally differentiated gametes to a totipotent embryo. Deficiencies in remodeling of the epigenomes can cause severe developmental defects, including embryonic lethality. However, how chromatin modifications and chromatin organization are reprogrammed upon fertilization in mammals has long remained elusive. Here, we review recent progress in understanding how the epigenome is dynamically regulated during early mammalian development. The latest studies, including many from genome-wide perspectives, have revealed unusual principles of reprogramming for histone modifications, chromatin accessibility, and 3D chromatin architecture. These advances have shed light on the regulatory network controlling the earliest development and maternal-zygotic transition.

大量的表观遗传重编程发生在植入前的发育过程中，导致最终分化的配子转化为全能胚胎。表观基因组的重塑缺陷会导致严重的发育缺陷，包括胚胎致死率。但是，如何在哺乳动物受精后重新编程染色质修饰和染色质组织仍然遥遥无期。在这里，我们回顾了解哺乳动物早期发育过程中表观基因组是如何动态调控的最新进展。最新的研究（包括许多从全基因组角度来看的研究）揭示了针对组蛋白修饰，染色质可及性和3D染色质结构进行重新编程的不寻常原理。