The combination of self-assembly and directed attachment of colloidal nanocrystals at fluid interfaces presents a scientifically interesting and technologically important research challenge. Remarkable strides have been made in the synthesis of polyhedral nanocrystals with precisely defined shapes and their self-assembly into highly ordered superstructures. We discuss the interplay of entropic and enthalpic driving forces and the kinetic aspects of interfacial self-assembly and attachment. We present in situ parallel small-angle X-ray scattering measurements and emerging insights into the complex choreography of interfacial transport processes involved in the formation of highly ordered epitaxially connected nanocrystal solids. New understanding emerging from in situ measurements provides process control and design principles for the selective formation of specific superlattice polymorphs. We discuss outstanding challenges that must be resolved to translate know-how from controlled assembly and attachment in the laboratory to scalable integration for emerging technological applications.

中文翻译：

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界面纳米晶体超晶格组装和附着的熵，焓和动力学方面。

胶体纳米晶体在流体界面上的自组装和定向附着的结合提出了科学上有趣且技术上重要的研究挑战。在精确定义形状的多面体纳米晶体的合成及其自组装成高度有序的超结构方面，已经取得了显着进展。我们讨论了熵和焓驱动力的相互作用以及界面自组装和附着的动力学方面。我们提出了原位平行小角度X射线散射测量和新兴的见解，涉及形成高度有序的外延连接纳米晶体固体的界面传输过程的复杂编排。从现场测量中获得的新认识为特定超晶格多晶型物的选择性形成提供了过程控制和设计原理。我们讨论了必须解决的突出挑战，以将专有技术从实验室中的受控组装和附件转换为新兴技术应用程序的可扩展集成。