Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), a new class of crystalline porous organic–inorganic hybrid materials, have recently attracted increasing interest in the field of energy storage and conversion. Herein, recent progress of MOFs and MOF composites for energy storage and conversion applications, including photochemical and electrochemical fuel production (hydrogen production and CO₂ reduction), water oxidation, supercapacitors, and Li‐based batteries (Li‐ion, Li–S, and Li–O₂ batteries), is summarized. Typical development strategies (e.g., incorporation of active components, design of smart morphologies, and judicious selection of organic linkers and metal nodes) of MOFs and MOF composites for particular energy storage and conversion applications are highlighted. A broad overview of recent progress is provided, which will hopefully promote the future development of MOFs and MOF composites for advanced energy storage and conversion applications.

中文翻译：

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原始的金属有机框架及其复合材料，用于能量存储和转换

金属有机框架（MOF）是一类新型的晶体多孔有机无机混合材料，最近在能量存储和转换领域引起了越来越多的兴趣。在此，用于能量存储和转换应用的MOF和MOF复合材料的最新进展包括光化学和电化学燃料生产（氢生产和CO ₂还原），水氧化，超级电容器和锂基电池（锂离子，锂硫，和Li–O ₂电池），进行了总结。重点介绍了针对特定储能和转换应用的MOF和MOF复合材料的典型开发策略（例如，结合活性成分，智能形态设计以及对有机连接基和金属节点的明智选择）。提供了对最新进展的广泛概述，将有望促进用于高级能量存储和转换应用的MOF和MOF复合材料的未来发展。