There have been strong calls globally to improve the sustainability of biodiesel production from oilseeds. Nevertheless, there is a lack of robust methodologies that are able to depict the local impacts of intensive feedstock production on soil properties and functions. The aim of this study is to quantify and map the potential biodiesel production from oilseed (e.g. soybean, sunflower and rapeseed), and understand possible trade-offs with other soil-related Ecosystem Services (ESs) such as i) habitat for soil organisms (supporting service), ii) soil carbon storage (regulating service), iii) groundwater quality protection (regulating service) and iv) food crops (provisioning service). This method is tested on current intensive agricultural areas of the Veneto region plain of Northern Italy. The results suggest that the study area has a sustainable biodiesel production potential of 20.7 dam³ per year, which is only 52% of the regional target for the year 2020. The areas that are currently under other annual crops (primarily cereals and maize) can also have a significant further contribution that if exploited would greatly exceed the regional target. This finding indicates that achieving the regional target will be impossible without having significant trade-offs with other soil-related ES or causing land use change. The proposed methodology could provide a tool that could be integrated within (and potentially improve the effectiveness of) biofuel certification schemes, strategic environmental assessments of renewable energy pathways, and regional energy plans.

全球范围内强烈呼吁改善油籽生物柴油生产的可持续性。然而，缺乏能够描述集约化原料生产对土壤特性和功能的局部影响的可靠方法。这项研究的目的是量化和绘制油籽（例如大豆，向日葵和油菜籽）的潜在生物柴油产量，并了解与其他与土壤相关的生态系统服务（ES）的可能取舍，例如i）土壤生物的栖息地（支持服务）； ii）土壤碳存储（调节服务）； iii）地下水质量保护（调节服务）； iv）粮食作物（提供服务）。该方法已在意大利北部威尼托地区平原上目前的集约农业区进行了测试。每年³个，仅占2020年区域目标的52％。当前处于其他一年生作物（主要是谷物和玉米）下的地区也可以做出更大的贡献，如果被利用，将大大超出区域目标。这一发现表明，如果不与其他与土壤相关的生态系统进行重大权衡或引起土地用途变化，就不可能实现区域目标。拟议的方法可以提供一种可以整合到生物燃料认证计划，可再生能源途径的战略环境评估以及区域能源计划中（并可能提高其有效性）的工具。