Excitation of accumbal D2 cells governs vital actions, including avoidance of learned risks, but the origins of this excitation and roles of D2 cells in innate risk-avoidance are unclear. Hypothalamic neurons producing orexins (also called hypocretins) enhance innate risk-avoidance via poorly understood neurocircuits. We describe a direct orexin→D2 excitatory circuit and show that D2 cell activity is necessary for orexin-dependent innate risk-avoidance in mice, thus revealing an unsuspected hypothalamus-accumbens interplay in action selection.

中文翻译：

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累积的D2细胞根据orexin信号编排先天性规避风险。

兴奋性D2细胞的兴奋控制着重要的动作，包括避免学习到的风险，但是这种兴奋的起源以及D2细胞在先天性风险回避中的作用尚不清楚。下丘脑神经元产生的orexins（也称为hypocretins）通过对神经回路的了解不多而增强了先天性规避风险的能力。我们描述了一个直接的orexin→D2兴奋性电路，并表明D2细胞活性对于小鼠中orexin依赖的先天性风险规避是必要的，因此揭示了在行动选择中毫无疑问的下丘脑-Accumbens相互作用。