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Stochastic phenotype switching leads to intratumor heterogeneity in human liver cancer
Hepatology ( IF 13.5 ) Pub Date : 2018-02-01 , DOI: 10.1002/hep.29679
Andrija Matak 1 , Pooja Lahiri 1 , Ethan Ford 2 , Daniela Pabst 1 , Karl Kashofer 1 , Dimitris Stellas 3 , Dimitris Thanos 3 , Kurt Zatloukal 1
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Intratumor heterogeneity is increasingly recognized as a major factor impacting diagnosis and personalized treatment of cancer. We characterized stochastic phenotype switching as a mechanism contributing to intratumor heterogeneity and malignant potential of liver cancer. Clonal analysis of primary tumor cell cultures of a human sarcomatoid cholangiocarcinoma identified different types of self‐propagating subclones characterized by stable (keratin‐7‐positive or keratin‐7‐negative) phenotypes and an unstable phenotype consisting of mixtures of keratin‐7‐positive and keratin‐7‐negative cells, which lack stem cell features but may reversibly switch their phenotypes. Transcriptome sequencing and immunohistochemical studies with the markers Zeb1 and CD146/MCAM demonstrated that switching between phenotypes is linked to changes in gene expression related but not identical to epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Stochastic phenotype switching occurred during mitosis and did not correlate with changes in DNA methylation. Xenotransplantation assays with different cellular subclones demonstrated increased tumorigenicity of cells showing phenotype switching, resulting in tumors morphologically resembling the invasive component of primary tumor and metastasis. Conclusion. Our data demonstrate that stochastic phenotype switching contributes to intratumor heterogeneity and that cells with a switching phenotype have increased malignant potential. (Hepatology 2017).

中文翻译:

随机表型转换导致人类肝癌的肿瘤内异质性

肿瘤内异质性越来越被认为是影响癌症诊断和个体化治疗的主要因素。我们将随机表型转换定性为导致肝癌肿瘤内异质性和恶性潜能的机制。对人类肉瘤样胆管癌原发性肿瘤细胞培养物的克隆分析确定了不同类型的自我增殖亚克隆,其特征在于稳定(角蛋白-7 阳性或角蛋白-7 阴性)表型和由角蛋白-7 阳性混合物组成的不稳定表型和 keratin-7 阴性细胞,它们缺乏干细胞特征,但可能可逆地转换其表型。使用标记物 Zeb1 和 CD146/MCAM 进行的转录组测序和免疫组织化学研究表明,表型之间的转换与基因表达的变化有关,但与上皮-间质转化相关但不完全相同。在有丝分裂期间发生随机表型转换,并且与 DNA 甲基化的变化无关。用不同细胞亚克隆进行的异种移植试验表明,表现出表型转换的细胞的致瘤性增加,导致肿瘤在形态学上类似于原发性肿瘤和转移的侵袭性成分。结论。我们的数据表明,随机表型转换有助于肿瘤内异质性,并且具有转换表型的细胞具有增加的恶性潜能。(肝病学 2017)。在有丝分裂期间发生随机表型转换,并且与 DNA 甲基化的变化无关。用不同细胞亚克隆进行的异种移植试验表明,表现出表型转换的细胞的致瘤性增加,导致肿瘤在形态学上类似于原发性肿瘤和转移的侵袭性成分。结论。我们的数据表明,随机表型转换有助于肿瘤内异质性,并且具有转换表型的细胞具有增加的恶性潜能。(肝病学 2017)。在有丝分裂期间发生随机表型转换,并且与 DNA 甲基化的变化无关。用不同细胞亚克隆进行的异种移植试验表明,表现出表型转换的细胞的致瘤性增加,导致肿瘤在形态学上类似于原发性肿瘤和转移的侵袭性成分。结论。我们的数据表明,随机表型转换有助于肿瘤内异质性,并且具有转换表型的细胞具有增加的恶性潜能。(肝病学 2017)。导致肿瘤在形态上类似于原发性肿瘤和转移的侵袭性成分。结论。我们的数据表明,随机表型转换有助于肿瘤内异质性,并且具有转换表型的细胞具有增加的恶性潜能。(肝病学 2017)。导致肿瘤在形态上类似于原发性肿瘤和转移的侵袭性成分。结论。我们的数据表明,随机表型转换有助于肿瘤内异质性,并且具有转换表型的细胞具有增加的恶性潜能。(肝病学 2017)。
更新日期:2018-02-01
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