Background

Adolescents are at the highest risk of death from anaphylaxis, yet few population-based studies have described the frequencies and risk factors for allergic reactions caused by accidental allergen ingestion in this group.

Methods

We describe the prevalence, frequency, and associated risk factors for recent adverse food reactions in 10- to 14-year-olds in Melbourne, Australia, recruited from a stratified, random, population-based sample of schools (SchoolNuts, n = 9663; 48% response rate). Self-reported food allergy and adverse reaction details, including anaphylaxis, were identified by using a student questionnaire over the past year.

Results

Of 547 students with possible IgE-mediated food allergy, 243 (44.4%; 95% CI, 40.3% to 48.7%) reported a reaction to a food. Fifty-three (9.7%; 95% CI, 7.2% to 12.2%) students reported 93 anaphylaxis episodes. Peanut and tree nuts were the most common food triggers. Among students with current IgE-mediated food allergy, those with resolved or current asthma (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.9 [95% CI, 1.1-1.3] and 1.7 [95% CI, 1.1-2.6]) and those with more than 2 food allergies (aOR, 1.9 [95% CI, 1.1-3.1]) were at greatest risk of any adverse food reaction, and those with nut allergy were most at risk of severe reactions (aOR, 2.9 [95% CI, 1.1-4.4]). Resolved or current asthma was not associated with increased risk of severe reactions (aOR, 0.8 [95% CI, 0.3-2.2] and 1.6 [95% CI, 0.7-3.7]).

Conclusions

Adolescents with food allergy are frequently exposed to food allergens. Those with asthma and more than 2 food allergies were at the greatest risk for adverse food reactions. Those with nut allergies were most at risk of severe reactions.

中文翻译：

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SchoolNuts研究中自我报告的不良食物反应和过敏反应：以人群为基础的青少年研究

背景

青少年因过敏反应而死亡的风险最高，但基于人群的研究很少描述因意外摄入过敏原而引起过敏反应的频率和风险因素。

方法

我们描述了从分层，随机，以人群为基础的学校样本中招募的澳大利亚墨尔本10至14岁儿童最近发生的不良食物反应的发生率，频率和相关的危险因素（SchoolNuts，n = 9663； 48％的回应率）。自我报告的食物过敏和不良反应的详细信息，包括过敏反应，是通过使用学生问卷在过去一年中确定的。

结果

在547位可能由IgE介导的食物过敏的学生中，有243位（44.4％; 95％CI，40.3％至48.7％）报告对食物有反应。53名（9.7％; 95％CI，7.2％至12.2％）学生报告了93例过敏反应发作。花生和坚果是最常见的食物诱因。在目前患有IgE介导的食物过敏的学生中，那些患有已解决的哮喘或目前患有哮喘（调整后的优势比[aOR]，1.9 [95％CI，1.1-1.3]和1.7 [95％CI，1.1-2.6]）和超过2种食物过敏（aOR，1.9 [95％CI，1.1-3.1]）发生食物不良反应的风险最高，而那些坚果过敏者最有严重反应的风险（aOR，2.9 [95％CI，1.1-3.1] -4.4]）。已解决或当前的哮喘与严重反应风险增加无关（aOR，0.8 [95％CI，0.3-2.2]和1.6 [95％CI，0.7-3.7]）。

结论

有食物过敏的青少年经常接触食物过敏原。患有哮喘和两种以上食物过敏的人发生食物不良反应的风险最高。那些对坚果过敏的人最有可能发生严重反应。