Photoelectron spectroscopy has the advantage of providing electric potentials by non-contact measurements based on the kinetic energy shift in component potential. We performed operando hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) measurements with an 8 keV excitation source to measure the shift in electron kinetic energies as a function of the voltages of all the components at the anode and cathode electrodes of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC). At the cathode electrode, when we increase the voltage between the cathode and anode from 0.2 to 1.2 V, the O 1s and F 1s peaks shift to a lower binding energy and the magnitude of the energy shift is equal to the voltage. The Pt 3d and C 1s peaks do not shift with the voltage since platinum nanoparticles and carbon supports at the cathode electrode have ground contact. In contrast to the cathode electrode, the peak shifts of all the components at the anode electrode show the same amount of shift as the voltages. It is clear that the change in the potential difference occurs only in an electrical double layer at the interface between the cathode electrode (Pt/C) and the electrolyte (Nafion and water), and that the anode electrode is in equilibrium as a pseudo-hydrogen electrode. Moreover, the electric potential variation of the cathode electrode in a PEFC under a power generation condition was also directly detected by operando HAXPES.

中文翻译：

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在接近环境压力XPS的情况下，正在运行的聚合物电解质燃料电池中电极组件的非接触电势测量

光电子能谱法的优点是可以基于分量电势的动能位移通过非接触式测量来提供电势。我们进行了歌剧表演使用8 keV激发源进行硬X射线光电子能谱（HAXPES）测量，以测量电子动能随聚合物电解质燃料电池（PEFC）阳极和阴极上所有组件的电压变化的函数。在阴极电极上，当我们将阴极和阳极之间的电压从0.2 V增加到1.2 V时，O 1s和F 1s的峰移动到较低的结合能，并且能量移动的幅度等于该电压。Pt 3d和C 1s峰不随电压移动，因为铂纳米颗粒和阴极电极上的碳载体具有接地接触。与阴极电极相反，阳极电极上所有组件的峰值偏移都显示出与电压相同的偏移量。显然，电势差的变化仅发生在阴极（Pt / C）与电解质（Nafion和水）之间的界面处的双电层中，并且阳极作为假阳极处于平衡状态。氢电极。另外，通过发电条件也可以直接检测出PEFC中的阴极电极的电位变化。操作HAXPES。