Eukaryotic translation is tightly regulated to ensure that protein production occurs at the right time and place. Recent studies on abnormal repeat proteins, especially in age-dependent neurodegenerative diseases caused by nucleotide repeat expansion, have highlighted or identified two forms of unconventional translation initiation: usage of AUG-like sites (near cognates) or repeat-associated non-AUG (RAN) translation. We discuss how repeat proteins may differ due to not just unconventional initiation, but also ribosomal frameshifting and/or imperfect repeat DNA replication, expansion, and repair, and we highlight how research on translation of repeats may uncover insights into the biology of translation and its contribution to disease.

中文翻译：

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重新思考神经退行性变中的非常规翻译。

真核翻译受到严格监管，以确保蛋白质生产发生在正确的时间和地点。最近对异常重复蛋白的研究，特别是在由核苷酸重复扩增引起的年龄依赖性神经退行性疾病中，强调或确定了两种形式的非常规翻译起始：使用 AUG 样位点（近同源）或重复相关的非 AUG（RAN ） 翻译。我们讨论了重复蛋白如何因非常规起始、核糖体移码和/或不完美的重复 DNA 复制、扩展和修复而不同，我们强调了对重复翻译的研究如何揭示翻译生物学及其对疾病的贡献。