Bivalve mollusks from the cooling reservoirs of fuel power plants (PP) are acclimated to the chronic heating and chemical pollution. We investigated stress responses of the mussels from these ponds to determine their tolerance to novel environmental pollutant, zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO). Male Unio tumidus from the reservoirs of Dobrotvir and Burschtyn PPs (DPP and BPP), Ukraine were exposed for 14 days to nZnO (3.1 μM), Zn²⁺ (3.1 μM) at 18 °C, elevated temperature (T, 25 °C), or nZnO at 25 °C (nZnO + T). Control groups were held at 18 °C. Zn-containing exposures resulted in the elevated concentrations of total and Zn-bound metallothionein (MT and Zn-MT) in the digestive gland, an increase in the levels of non-metalated MT (up to 5 times) and alkali-labile phosphates and lysosomal membrane destabilization in hemocytes. A common signature of nZnO exposures was modulation of the multixenobiotic-resistance protein activity (a decrease in the digestive gland and increase in the gills). The origin of population strongly affected the cellular stress responses of mussels. DPP-mussels showed depletion of caspase-3 in the digestive gland and up-regulation of HSP70, HSP72 and HSP60 levels in the gill during most exposures, whereas in the BPP-mussels caspase-3 was up-regulated and HSPs either downregulated or maintained stable. BPP-mussels were less adapted to heating shown by a glutathione depletion at elevated temperature (25 °C). Comparison with the earlier studies on mussels from pristine habitats show that an integrative ‘eco-exposome’-based approach is useful for the forecast of the biological responses to novel adverse effects on aquatic organisms.

来自燃料发电厂（PP）冷却池的双壳类软体动物适应了长期供暖和化学污染。我们调查了这些池塘中贻贝的应力响应，以确定它们对新型环境污染物氧化锌纳米颗粒（nZnO）的耐受性。来自乌克兰Dobrotvir和Burschtyn PPs（DPP和BPP）储层的雄性Unio tumidus暴露于nZnO（3.1μM），Zn ^2+中14天（3.1μM）在18°C，高温（T，25°C）或25°C（nZnO + T）下的nZnO。对照组保持在18℃。含锌的暴露导致消化腺中总和与锌结合的金属硫蛋白（MT和Zn-MT）的浓度升高，非金属MT含量（高达5倍）和碱金属磷酸盐和血细胞中的溶酶体膜失稳。nZnO暴露的一个共同特征是多异生抗性蛋白活性的调节（消化腺的减少和and的增加）。种群起源强烈影响贻贝的细胞应激反应。在大多数暴露期间，DPP贻贝在消化腺中显示caspase-3耗竭，并且ill中的HSP70，HSP72和HSP60水平上调，而在BPP贻贝中，caspase-3上调，而HSPs下调或保持稳定。BPP贻贝在高温（25°C）下较不适合谷胱甘肽枯竭所显示的加热。与来自原始栖息地的贻贝的早期研究的比较表明，基于“生态-暴露体”的综合方法可用于预测对水生生物的新不良反应的生物学响应。