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Independent validation and regulatory agency approval for high rate algal ponds to treat wastewater from rural communities
Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology ( IF 5 ) Pub Date : 2017-11-08 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c7ew00228a
Howard J. Fallowfield 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Paul Young 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Michael J. Taylor 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Neil Buchanan 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Nancy Cromar 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Alex Keegan 4, 5, 6 , Paul Monis 4, 5, 6
Affiliation  

Despite the many recognised benefits, the application of high rate algal ponds (HRAP) to manage wastewater treatment in small communities has been limited. To be incorporated into the South Australian Community Wastewater Management Scheme (CWMS), new wastewater treatment systems are required to undergo validation and obtain regulatory approval from the South Australian Department of Health, Wastewater Management Group. A HRAP system at Kingston on Murray, South Australia, underwent validation to be incorporated into the CWMS. The process was consistent with the Australian National Guidelines which requires the demonstration of the log10 reduction values (LRV) for indicator organisms achieved by the wastewater treatment system. These were required to be measured twice weekly, over a 10 week period in below average solar radiation and temperature conditions, by an independent National Association of Testing Authorities accredited laboratory. The Australian Water Quality Centre was commissioned to assess the removal of Escherichia coli, F-RNA bacteriophage and aerobic spore-forming bacteria. Flinders University of South Australia concurrently monitored the removal of the same organisms and other standard wastewater parameters. While ASFB were shown to be unsuitable indicators of protozoa in natural pond systems, the system effectively removed E. coli and F-RNA bacteriophage with the treated effluent meeting the limits set by the guidelines for effluent reuse for non-food crop irrigation: a 5th percentile LRV of >1.0 for F-RNA bacteriophage and a median E. coli concentration of <4.0 log10 E. coli MPN 100 mL−1. Based on these results two configurations of HRAP systems were approved to be incorporated into the CWMS.

中文翻译:

独立验证和监管机构批准,用于处理来自农村社区的废水的高速率藻类池塘

尽管有许多公认的好处,但在小型社区中使用高速率藻类池(HRAP)来管理废水处理受到了限制。要纳入南澳大利亚州社区废水管理计划(CWMS),需要对新的废水处理系统进行验证,并获得南澳大利亚卫生部废水管理组的监管批准。南澳大利亚州默里金斯敦的HRAP系统进行了验证,以将其合并到CWMS中。该过程与澳大利亚国家准则相一致,该准则要求证明原木10废水处理系统实现的指示生物的降低值(LRV)。这些要求由独立的美国国家测试机构协会认可的实验室在低于平均太阳辐射和温度的条件下,在10周内每周两次进行测量。委托澳大利亚水质中心评估大肠杆菌,F-RNA噬菌体和好氧孢子形成细菌的去除情况。南澳大利亚州弗林德斯大学同时监测相同生物的去除和其他标准废水参数。虽然ASFB被证明是天然池塘系统中原生动物的不适当指标,但该系统有效去除了大肠杆菌以及经过处理的废水达到F-RNA噬菌体的水平,该废水满足非粮食作物灌溉废水回用准则所设定的限制:F-RNA噬菌体的LRV> 1.0的第5个百分位数,大肠杆菌的平均浓度小于4.0 log 10 大肠杆菌MPN 100 mL -1。基于这些结果,批准将HRAP系统的两种配置合并到CWMS中。
更新日期:2017-11-16
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