A series of lactam-based Brønsted-acidic catalysts were prepared for Prins condensation with high efficiency and excellent reusability. We describe detailed investigations on the impact of N-cation from lactam for the reaction and self-separation of catalysts. The experimental data suggested N-cation (organic molecule) played a significant and positive role in the selectivity of Prins condensation, which was confirmed by density functional theory (DFT) calculation with new intermediate. It revealed that N-cation with CO group can not only stabilize intermediate by sharing electron but also transfer proton between two kind of active centers (N⁺ and C⁺). Moreover, for self-separation of catalysts, a possible principle was proposed, which can be owed to different solubility of the catalysts at different temperature and partition coefficient of N-cation in oil/water system, both of which resulted from lactam molecules.

制备了一系列高效的内酰胺基布朗斯台德酸性催化剂用于Prins缩合反应。我们描述了关于内酰胺中N阳离子对反应和催化剂自分离的影响的详细研究。实验数据表明，N-阳离子（有机分子）在Prins缩合反应的选择性中发挥了重要而积极的作用，这一点已通过使用新中间体的密度泛函理论（DFT）计算得到了证实。结果表明，带有C O基团的N-阳离子不仅可以通过共享电子来稳定中间体，而且还可以在两种活性中心（N ⁺和C ⁺）。此外，对于催化剂的自分离，提出了一种可能的原理，这归因于催化剂在不同温度下的不同溶解度和N-阳离子在油/水系统中的分配系数，这两者都是由内酰胺分子产生的。