Parabens are an important class of antimicrobial compounds used as preservatives. Although they are considered to be safe when used within specified concentration limits, concerns about their potential toxicity have been raised due to their presence in cancerous breast tissues and their association with estrogenic activity, various kinds of allergies, and the malfunctioning of reproductive organs. The small quantities of parabens in human samples and complex nature of biological matrices make it difficult to determine free and/or conjugated forms of parabens and their metabolites. Consequently, it is desirable to develop sophisticated approaches for their sample pretreatments and subsequent determination. This review presents recent developments in the extraction, pre-concentration, and instrumental detection methods needed for the accurate quantification of parabens in human samples. This review is thus expected to help readers assess the potential impacts of parabens on human health through proper description of their exposure routes to human.

对羟基苯甲酸酯是用作防腐剂的重要一类抗菌化合物。尽管在规定的浓度范围内使用它们被认为是安全的，但由于它们在癌性乳腺组织中的存在及其与雌激素活性，各种过敏和生殖器官功能障碍的关系，人们对其潜在的毒性提出了担忧。人类样品中少量的对羟基苯甲酸酯和生物基质的复杂性使得难以确定游离和/或共轭形式的对羟基苯甲酸酯及其代谢产物。因此，期望开发用于其样品预处理和随后确定的复杂方法。这篇评论介绍了萃取，预浓缩，以及准确定量人类样品中对羟基苯甲酸酯所需的仪器检测方法。因此，期望通过适当描述其对人体的暴露途径，来帮助读者评估对羟基苯甲酸酯对人体健康的潜在影响。