Hybrid core/shell polymer particles with co-encapsulated quantum dots (QDs) (CdSe/ZnS) and CeO₂ nanoparticles have been synthesized in a two stage semi-batch emulsion polymerization process. In the first stage, both inorganic nanoparticles are incorporated into cross-linked polystyrene (PS) particles by miniemulsion polymerization. This hybrid dispersion is then used as the seed to produce the core/shell particles by starved feeding of methyl methacrylate and divinylbenzene (MMA/DVB) monomers. The core/shell hybrid dispersions maintained in the dark exhibit stable fluorescence emission over time, and notably their fluorescence intensity increases under sunlight, likely due to the effect of the co-encapsulated CeO₂ nanoparticles that change the optical properties of the environment of the quantum dot particles. The fluorescence increase depends on the QD : CeO₂ ratio, with the 1 : 2 ratio resulting in the highest increase (280%). Furthermore, a film forming hybrid latex has been synthesized using the former core/shell PS/QD/CeO₂/PMMA particles as seeds and feeding under semi-batch conditions methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate and acrylic acid. Films cast from this core/shell/shell hybrid dispersion also exhibit fluorescence, and as for the core/shell latex the fluorescence increases under sunlight exposure. Interestingly, the increase in the film is at least two times higher than that in the latex, which is attributed to the additional effect of the neighboring coalesced particles containing CeO₂ affecting the environment of the QDs.

中文翻译：

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CdSe / ZnS和CeO ₂纳米粒子在水性聚合物分散体中的共包封：增强日光下的荧光发射

具有共包封的量子点（QDs）（CdSe / ZnS）和CeO ₂纳米粒子的混合核/壳聚合物粒子已通过两阶段半间歇乳液聚合工艺合成。在第一步中，通过细乳液聚合将两种无机纳米颗粒都掺入到交联的聚苯乙烯（PS）颗粒中。然后将该混合分散体用作种子，通过饥饿地进料甲基丙烯酸甲酯和二乙烯基苯（MMA / DVB）单体来生产核/壳颗粒。保持在黑暗中的核/壳杂化分散体随着时间的推移表现出稳定的荧光发射，尤其是由于共封装的CeO ₂的作用，它们的荧光强度在日光下增加改变量子点粒子环境光学特性的纳米粒子。荧光的增加取决于QD：CeO _2的比例，其中1：2的比例导致最高的增加（280％）。此外，已经使用先前的核/壳PS / QD / CeO ₂合成了成膜混合胶乳。/ PMMA颗粒作为种子，并在半间歇条件下进料甲基丙烯酸甲酯，丙烯酸丁酯和丙烯酸。由该核/壳/壳杂化分散体流延的薄膜也显示荧光，至于核/壳胶乳，在日光照射下荧光增加。有趣的是，膜的增加至少是乳胶的两倍，这归因于相邻的含有CeO _2的聚结颗粒对量子点环境的附加影响。