Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) and high Molybdenum (Mo) can lead to adverse reactions on animals, but the co-induced toxicity of Mo and Cd to liver in ducks was not well understood. To investigate the co-induced toxic effects of Mo combined with Cd on mitochondrial oxidative stress and apoptosis in duck livers. 240 healthy 11-day-old ducks were randomly divided into 6 groups (control, LMo group, HMo group, Cd group, LMoCd group and HMoCd group). After being treated for 30, 60, 90 and 120 days, liver mitochondrial antioxidant indexes, ceruloplasmin (CP), metallothionein (MT), Bak-1 and Caspase-3 genes mRNA expression levels, and ultrastructural changes were evaluated. The results showed that total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and xanthine oxidase (XOD) activities in experimental groups were decreased, whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) content and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity were increased compared with control group, and these changes of co-treated groups were more obvious in the later period of the experiment. The mRNA expression levels of CP, Bak-1 and Caspase-3 were up-regulated in experimental groups compared with control group and showed significant difference between co-treated groups and single treated groups. The mRNA expression level of MT in Cd group was higher than that in co-treated groups. Additionally, ultrastructural changes showed karyopyknosis, mitochondrial swelling, vacuolation and disruption of mitochondrial cristae in co-treated groups. Taken together, it was suggested that dietary Mo and Cd might lead to mitochondrial oxidative stress and apoptosis in duck livers, and it showed a possible synergistic relationship between the two elements.

中文翻译：

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钼和/或镉引起的鸭肝线粒体抗氧化指数的变化和细胞凋亡

摘要

镉（Cd）和高钼（Mo）可能导致对动物的不良反应，但人们还不清楚钼和镉对鸭子肝脏的共同诱导毒性。目的研究钼和镉联合诱导鸭肝线粒体氧化应激和细胞凋亡的共同毒性作用。将240只健康的11日龄鸭随机分为6组（对照组，LMo组，HMo组，Cd组，LMoCd组和HMoCd组）。治疗30、60、90和120天后，评估了肝线粒体的抗氧化指数，铜蓝蛋白（CP），金属硫蛋白（MT），Bak-1和Caspase-3基因mRNA表达水平以及超微结构变化。结果表明，实验组总抗氧化能力（T-AOC），过氧化氢酶（CAT），超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和黄嘌呤氧化酶（XOD）活性降低，而丙二醛（MDA）含量和一氧化氮合酶（NOS）活性较对照组增加，而联合治疗组的这些变化在实验后期更为明显。与对照组相比，实验组中CP，Bak-1和Caspase-3的mRNA表达水平上调，并且在联合治疗组和单一治疗组之间存在显着差异。Cd组MT的mRNA表达水平高于联合治疗组。此外，在联合治疗组中，超微结构变化显示核分裂，线粒体肿胀，空泡化和线粒体cr裂。综上所述，膳食中的钼和镉可能会导致鸭肝线粒体氧化应激和细胞凋亡，