Detailed observations of transcriptional, translational and post-translational events in the human brain are essential to improving our understanding of its development, function and vulnerability to disease. Here, we exploited label-free quantitative tandem mass-spectrometry to create an in-depth proteomic survey of regions of the postnatal human brain, ranging in age from early infancy to adulthood. Integration of protein data with existing matched whole-transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) from the BrainSpan project revealed varied patterns of protein-RNA relationships, with generally increased magnitudes of protein abundance differences between brain regions compared to RNA. Many of the differences amplified in protein data were reflective of cytoarchitectural and functional variation between brain regions. Comparing structurally similar cortical regions revealed significant differences in the abundances of receptor-associated and resident plasma membrane proteins that were not readily observed in the RNA expression data.

中文翻译：

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出生后人脑的多区域蛋白质组学调查。

对人脑转录、翻译和翻译后事件的详细观察对于提高我们对其发育、功能和疾病脆弱性的理解至关重要。在这里，我们利用无标记定量串联质谱法对出生后人类大脑区域进行深入的蛋白质组学调查，年龄范围从婴儿早期到成年。将蛋白质数据与 BrainSpan 项目中现有的匹配全转录组测序 (RNA-seq) 进行整合，揭示了蛋白质-RNA 关系的不同模式，与 RNA 相比，大脑区域之间的蛋白质丰度差异通常更大。蛋白质数据中放大的许多差异反映了大脑区域之间的细胞结构和功能差异。比较结构相似的皮质区域揭示了受体相关蛋白和驻留质膜蛋白丰度的显着差异，而这些差异在 RNA 表达数据中不易观察到。