Thiophene-based π-conjugated organic small molecules and polymers are the research subject of significant current interest owing to their potential use as organic semiconductors in material chemistry. Despite simple and similar molecular structures, the hitherto reported properties of thiophene-based organic semiconductors are rather diverse. Design of high performance organic semiconducting materials requires a thorough understanding of inter- and intra-molecular interactions, solid-state packing, and the influence of both factors on the charge carrier transport. In this chapter, thiophene-based organic semiconductors, which are classified in terms of their chemical structures and their structure–property relationships, are addressed for the potential applications as organic photovoltaics (OPVs), organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) and organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs).

基于噻吩的π共轭有机小分子和聚合物由于其在材料化学中作为有机半导体的潜在用途而成为当前的重要研究课题。尽管分子结构简单且相似，但迄今报道的基于噻吩的有机半导体的性质还是多种多样的。高性能有机半导体材料的设计需要彻底了解分子间和分子间的相互作用，固态堆积以及这两个因素对电荷载流子传输的影响。在本章中，针对噻吩的有机半导体按其化学结构和它们的结构与性质之间的关系进行了分类，并针对有机光伏（OPV）的潜在应用进行了介绍，