Background

Food choices represent a highly significant approach to combat human obesity. Dietary intake of lipids, especially polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, is gaining popularity in the effort to reduce or eliminate the occurrence of obesity. Pecan (Carya illinoinensis) nuts are an abundant source of these dietary fatty acids. Moreover, they are a rich source of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a polyphenol with a variety of health-beneficial properties.

Scope and approach

In this review, we summarize the literature reports examining physiological effects associated with pecan nuts consumption and described effects of their bioactive constituents.

Key findings and conclusions

The growing body of evidence suggests including pecan nuts into obesity management strategies. The consumption of pecan nuts can mitigate inflammation by reducing the extent of the synthesis of inflammatory mediator molecules. Pecan nuts can also counteract the pro-inflammatory effects of a diet rich in commonly overconsumed saturated fatty acids, characteristic of the Western diet. Additionally, consumption of pecans and other nuts has been linked to reduced risk of physiological parameters associated with cardiovascular disease or metabolic disorders. Diets enriched with tree nuts and peanuts can modulate the blood level of cholesterol, adiposity, and insulin resistance. Almonds and walnuts have been so far the most studied nuts, and studies with them have led to a greater understanding of the protective effects of diverse tree nuts on human physiology. In this review, we summarize the available data indicating that pecan nuts exert similar health-promoting benefits.

中文翻译：

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山核桃：报道的生物活性和健康影响的综述

背景

选择食物是对抗人类肥胖的一种非常重要的方法。在减少或消除肥胖症的努力中，脂质，特别是多不饱和和单不饱和脂肪酸的饮食摄入正在普及。山核桃（山核桃illinoinensis）坚果是这些饮食脂肪酸的丰富来源。此外，它们是表没食子儿茶素-3-没食子酸酯（EGCG）的丰富来源，这是一种具有多种有益健康的特性的多酚。

范围和方法

在这篇综述中，我们总结了研究山核桃坚果食用相关生理影响的文献报道，并描述了其生物活性成分的作用。

主要发现和结论

越来越多的证据表明，将山核桃仁纳入肥胖管理策略中。食用山核桃可通过减少炎症介质分子的合成程度来减轻炎症。山核桃还可以抵消西方饮食特有的，富含通常过度消费的饱和脂肪酸的饮食的促炎作用。另外，食用山核桃和其他坚果与降低与心血管疾病或代谢紊乱有关的生理参数的风险有关。富含坚果和花生的饮食可以调节血液中的胆固醇，肥胖和胰岛素抵抗水平。迄今为止，杏仁和核桃一直是研究最多的坚果，通过对它们的研究，人们对各种坚果对人体生理的保护作用有了更深入的了解。在这篇综述中，我们总结了现有数据，这些数据表明山核桃具有类似的健康促进作用。