For analyte detection in raw fruits, the conventional sample pretreatment method usually involves mashing (blending or homogenization), extraction, and dilution. This process is time-consuming, solvent-intensive and laborious. Usually, there is also a lot wastage with multiple fruits being combined into composite samples. In this work, a new micro-sampling approach based on a syringe needle is developed; it was coupled with micro liquid-phase extraction to determine and quantify d-glucose in bananas. This sampling and extraction approach was quick, easy and required only minimal use of solvent. The d-glucose in the extracted banana flesh was first oxidized enzymatically with glucose oxidase. The resulting peroxide was then detected colorimetrically via oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine in the presence of a catalyst. The latter, consisting of an iron (III)-nickel (II) layered double hydroxide (LDH[NiII-FeIII]) was synthesized in this work for the purpose. The results of this new detection method for d-glucose in fruits provided low limits of detection (0.025 μg/mL), wide linear range (0.1-3000 μg/mL) and good linearity (r2 = 0.9998). Quantification of d-glucose using this approach was applied to banana samples over a period of 10 days. The results showed that the d-glucose levels in bananas increased as the fruits ripened, as expected. This work demonstrated a new and interesting approach for easy and efficient detection of analytes in raw fruit samples.

中文翻译：

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基于针的采样结合层状双氢氧化物过氧化物酶模拟物催化的比色反应快速检测香蕉中 d-葡萄糖水平随时间的变化

对于生果中的分析物检测，传统的样品前处理方法通常包括糖化（混合或均质）、提取和稀释。该过程耗时、溶剂密集且费力。通常，将多个水果组合成复合样品也会造成大量浪费。在这项工作中，开发了一种基于注射器针头的新微采样方法；它与微液相萃取相结合，以确定和量化香蕉中的 d-葡萄糖。这种取样和提取方法快速、简单，并且只需要最少的溶剂。提取的香蕉果肉中的 d-葡萄糖首先被葡萄糖氧化酶氧化。然后在催化剂存在下通过3,3',5,5'-四甲基联苯胺的氧化比色检测所得过氧化物。后者，为此，在这项工作中合成了由铁 (III)-镍 (II) 层状双氢氧化物 (LDH[NiII-FeIII]) 组成。这种新的水果中 d-葡萄糖检测方法的结果提供了低检测限 (0.025 μg/mL)、宽线性范围 (0.1-3000 μg/mL) 和良好的线性 (r2 = 0.9998)。使用这种方法对香蕉样品进行 10 天的 d-葡萄糖定量。结果表明，正如预期的那样，随着果实成熟，香蕉中的 d-葡萄糖水平会增加。这项工作展示了一种新的有趣的方法，可以轻松有效地检测生果样品中的分析物。这种新的水果中 d-葡萄糖检测方法的结果提供了低检测限 (0.025 μg/mL)、宽线性范围 (0.1-3000 μg/mL) 和良好的线性 (r2 = 0.9998)。使用这种方法对香蕉样品进行 10 天的 d-葡萄糖定量。结果表明，正如预期的那样，随着果实成熟，香蕉中的 d-葡萄糖水平会增加。这项工作展示了一种新的有趣的方法，可以轻松有效地检测生果样品中的分析物。这种新的水果中 d-葡萄糖检测方法的结果提供了低检测限 (0.025 μg/mL)、宽线性范围 (0.1-3000 μg/mL) 和良好的线性 (r2 = 0.9998)。使用这种方法对香蕉样品进行 10 天的 d-葡萄糖定量。结果表明，正如预期的那样，随着果实成熟，香蕉中的 d-葡萄糖水平会增加。这项工作展示了一种新的有趣的方法，可以轻松有效地检测生果样品中的分析物。