The extent to which early motor patterns represent antecedents to later communicative functions, and the emergence of gesture and/or sign as potential communicative acts in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), are research questions that have received recent attention. It is important to keep in mind that different NDDs have different neurological underpinnings, with correspondingly different implications for their conceptualization, detection, and treatment.

中文翻译：

---

相同或不同：患有神经发育障碍的婴儿和儿童的行为生物标志物的共同途径？

早期运动模式在多大程度上代表了后来的交流功能，以及手势和/或手势作为神经发育障碍 (NDD) 中潜在交流行为的出现，是最近受到关注的研究问题。重要的是要记住，不同的 NDD 具有不同的神经学基础，相应地对其概念化、检测和治疗有不同的影响。