Background Glyphosate is the most commonly used herbicide worldwide, with both residential and agricultural uses. In 2015, the International Agency for Research on Cancer classified glyphosate as "probably carcinogenic to humans," noting strong mechanistic evidence and positive associations for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in some epidemiologic studies. A previous evaluation in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS) with follow-up through 2001 found no statistically significant associations with glyphosate use and cancer at any site. Methods The AHS is a prospective cohort of licensed pesticide applicators from North Carolina and Iowa. Here, we updated the previous evaluation of glyphosate with cancer incidence from registry linkages through 2012 (North Carolina)/2013 (Iowa). Lifetime days and intensity-weighted lifetime days of glyphosate use were based on self-reported information from enrollment (1993-1997) and follow-up questionnaires (1999-2005). We estimated incidence rate ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using Poisson regression, controlling for potential confounders, including use of other pesticides. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results Among 54 251 applicators, 44 932 (82.8%) used glyphosate, including 5779 incident cancer cases (79.3% of all cases). In unlagged analyses, glyphosate was not statistically significantly associated with cancer at any site. However, among applicators in the highest exposure quartile, there was an increased risk of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) compared with never users (RR = 2.44, 95% CI = 0.94 to 6.32, Ptrend = .11), though this association was not statistically significant. Results for AML were similar with a five-year (RRQuartile 4 = 2.32, 95% CI = 0.98 to 5.51, Ptrend = .07) and 20-year exposure lag (RRTertile 3 = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.05 to 3.97, Ptrend = .04). Conclusions In this large, prospective cohort study, no association was apparent between glyphosate and any solid tumors or lymphoid malignancies overall, including NHL and its subtypes. There was some evidence of increased risk of AML among the highest exposed group that requires confirmation.

中文翻译：

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农业健康研究中的草甘膦使用和癌症发病率。

背景技术草甘膦是全世界最常用的除草剂，既有住宅用途，也有农业用途。2015年，国际癌症研究机构将草甘膦归类为“可能对人类致癌”，并指出在一些流行病学研究中，强有力的机械证据和非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）呈正相关。农业健康研究（AHS）之前的一项评估（截至2001年）均未发现在任何地点与草甘膦的使用和癌症之间存在统计学上的显着相关性。方法AHS是来自北卡罗来纳州和爱荷华州的许可农药施用者的前瞻性队列。在这里，我们更新了以前的草甘膦与登记处之间的癌症发病率的评估，直到2012年（北卡罗莱纳州）/ 2013年（爱荷华州）。草甘膦使用的终生天数和强度加权终生天数基于入学时的自我报告信息（1993-1997年）和后续调查表（1999-2005年）。我们使用Poisson回归估计了发病率比率（RRs）和95％置信区间（CIs），控制了潜在的混杂因素，包括使用其他农药。所有统计检验都是两面的。结果在54 251名施药者中，有44 932名（82.8％）使用了草甘膦，包括5779例癌症病例（占所有病例的79.3％）。在非滞后分析中，草甘膦在任何部位与癌症的关系均无统计学意义。但是，在最高暴露四分位数的应用者中，与从未使用者相比，急性髓细胞性白血病（AML）的风险增加（RR = 2.44，95％CI = 0.94至6.32，Ptrend = .11），尽管这种关联在统计上不显着。AML的结果与五年相似（RRQuartile 4 = 2.32，95％CI = 0.98至5.51，Ptrend = .07）和20年暴露滞后（RRTertile 3 = 2.04，95％CI = 1.05至3.97，Ptrend = .04）。结论在这项大型的前瞻性队列研究中，草甘膦与任何实体瘤或淋巴样恶性肿瘤（包括NHL及其亚型）之间没有明显的关联。有一些证据表明，在需要确认的最高暴露人群中，AML的风险增加。草甘膦与所有实体瘤或淋巴样恶性肿瘤（包括NHL及其亚型）之间没有明显的关联。有一些证据表明，在需要确认的最高暴露人群中，AML的风险增加。草甘膦与所有实体瘤或淋巴样恶性肿瘤（包括NHL及其亚型）之间没有明显的关联。有一些证据表明，在需要确认的最高暴露人群中，AML风险增加。