The mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) participate in a multitude of processes that control hepatic metabolism. The liver regulates glucose and lipid metabolism, and under pathophysiological conditions such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) these processes become dysfunctional. Stress responses activate the hepatic MAPKs, and this is thought to impair insulin action and lipid metabolism. The MAPKs also activate the MAPK phosphatases (MKPs) which oppose their actions. How the MAPK/MKP balance is controlled in liver metabolism and how perturbations in these activities contribute to metabolic disease remains unclear. Discussion of recent insights into the MAPK/MKP signaling role in hepatic metabolic function and disease will be the focus of this review.

中文翻译：

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肝代谢中丝裂原活化蛋白激酶的调节

丝裂原活化蛋白激酶 (MAPK) 参与多种控制肝脏代谢的过程。肝脏调节葡萄糖和脂质代谢，在肥胖、2 型糖尿病 (T2DM) 和非酒精性脂肪肝 (NAFLD) 等病理生理条件下，这些过程变得功能失调。应激反应会激活肝脏 MAPK，这被认为会损害胰岛素作用和脂质代谢。MAPKs 还激活 MAPK 磷酸酶 (MKPs)，这会阻止它们的作用。肝脏代谢中如何控制 MAPK/MKP 平衡以及这些活动的扰动如何导致代谢疾病尚不清楚。对 MAPK/MKP 信号在肝脏代谢功能和疾病中的作用的最新见解的讨论将是本综述的重点。