Acute strenuous exercise and emotional changes are closely related to important aspects of human health. The superoxide anion (O₂˙⁻), as one of the primary reactive oxygen species (ROS), is intimately associated with major diseases. However, there is no relevant in vivo research for directly indicating the link between O₂˙⁻ level and acute physical exercise or emotional changes. Hence, we constructed three fluorescent probes for the detection of O₂˙⁻, including a Te-containing molecular probe and Se- and Te-containing CDs, and evaluated their properties such as selectivity, sensitivity, instantaneity and dynamic response to O₂˙⁻. Through performance comparisons, we found that the Te-containing CDs exhibited reversibility, instantaneity and the highest sensitivity (LOD ∼ 8.0 pM), under guarantees of specific recognition of O₂˙⁻, which ensure they are suitable for tracing native level changes in O₂˙⁻ within living systems. The probe was applied for monitoring the levels of O₂˙⁻ in mice under the state of intense exercise, irritability and mild depression, which led to the levels of O₂˙⁻ significantly increasing compared to the normal condition. Furthermore, we used the Te-containing CDs for real-time and dynamic imaging of O₂˙⁻ fluxes in the brain of mild depression mice and witnessed a positive correlation between O₂˙⁻ levels and depression. This work provides a new strategy for studying the relationship between acute exercise or emotional changes and diseases at the level of ROS.

中文翻译：

---

含 Te 碳点用于在小鼠急性剧烈运动或情绪变化期间对超氧阴离子进行荧光成像†

剧烈剧烈运动和情绪变化与人类健康的重要方面密切相关。超氧阴离子（O ₂ ˙ ^-）作为主要活性氧（ROS）之一，与重大疾病密切相关。然而，没有相关的体内研究直接表明 O ₂ ˙ ^-水平与急性体育锻炼或情绪变化之间的联系。因此，我们构建了三种用于检测O ₂ ˙ ^{-的荧光探针，包括含Te分子探针和含Se和Te的CDs，并评估了它们对O} ₂ ˙的选择性、灵敏度、瞬时性和动态响应等特性。^-。通过性能比较，我们发现含 Te 的 CD 表现出可逆性、瞬时性和最高灵敏度（LOD ∼ 8.0 pM），保证了对 O ₂ ˙ ^-的特异性识别，确保它们适合追踪 O 中的天然水平变化_2˙ ^-在生命系统内。该探针用于监测_{小鼠在剧烈运动、易怒和轻度抑郁状态下的O 2} ˙ ^-水平，导致O ₂ ˙ ^-水平较正常情况显着升高。_{此外，我们使用含 Te 的 CD 对 O 2}进行实时和动态成像˙ ^-轻度抑郁小鼠大脑中的通量，并见证了 O ₂ ˙ ^-水平与抑郁之间的正相关。这项工作为在 ROS 水平上研究急性运动或情绪变化与疾病之间的关系提供了一种新策略。