The present review focus on the analytical platforms and the workflow for toxicometabolomics with a special emphasis on their strengths and pitfalls presenting as a case study the toxicometabolomics of arsenic in mammals. Although powerful analytical methods and techniques are currently available for metabolomics, the main "bottleneck" is still the absence of unified protocols for sample preparation (e.g. quenching, solvents used) as well as several important factors in toxicometabolomics, which drastically affect the metabolism (e.g. selection of model organisms, xenobiotic doses, chemical form of the xenobiotic, exposure route, biological sample). In this context, the applicability to complex samples, higher sensitivity, specificity and the possibility to perform quantitative analysis offered by MS is crucial to probe xenobiotic induced metabolic changes to evaluate the stress responses. Nowadays, the use of different metabolomic platforms allowed determining important changes in the metabolism induced by arsenic in mammals such as alterations in the energy (e.g. Glycolysis, Kreb's cycle), amino acid, lipid, nucleotide and androgen metabolisms.

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基于质谱的哺乳动物砷毒物代谢组学分析方法和陷阱：教程回顾

本综述重点关注毒物代谢组学的分析平台和工作流程，特别强调它们的优势和缺陷，以哺乳动物中砷的毒物代谢组学为例进行研究。尽管目前有强大的代谢组学分析方法和技术，但主要的“瓶颈”仍然是缺乏统一的样品制备方案（例如淬火、使用的溶剂）以及毒物代谢组学中的几个重要因素，这些因素会极大地影响代谢（例如模式生物的选择、外源剂量、外源的化学形式、暴露途径、生物样品）。在此背景下，对复杂样品的适用性、更高的灵敏度、MS 提供的特异性和进行定量分析的可能性对于探测异生物质诱导的代谢变化以评估应激反应至关重要。如今，使用不同的代谢组学平台可以确定哺乳动物中砷诱导的代谢的重要变化，例如能量（例如糖酵解、克雷布氏循环）、氨基酸、脂质、核苷酸和雄激素代谢的改变。