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Evaluation of Sinus/Edge-Corrected Zero-Echo-Time-Based Attenuation Correction in Brain PET/MRI.
The Journal of Nuclear Medicine ( IF 9.3 ) Pub Date : 2017-05-04 , DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.116.188268
Jaewon Yang 1 , Florian Wiesinger 2 , Sandeep Kaushik 3 , Dattesh Shanbhag 3 , Thomas A Hope 4 , Peder E Z Larson 4 , Youngho Seo 4
Affiliation  

In brain PET/MRI, the major challenge of zero-echo-time (ZTE)-based attenuation correction (ZTAC) is the misclassification of air/tissue/bone mixtures or their boundaries. Our study aimed to evaluate a sinus/edge-corrected (SEC) ZTAC (ZTACSEC), relative to an uncorrected (UC) ZTAC (ZTACUC) and a CT atlas-based attenuation correction (ATAC). Methods: Whole-body 18F-FDG PET/MRI scans were obtained for 12 patients after PET/CT scans. Only data acquired at a bed station that included the head were used for this study. Using PET data from PET/MRI, we applied ZTACUC, ZTACSEC, ATAC, and reference CT-based attenuation correction (CTAC) to PET attenuation correction. For ZTACUC, the bias-corrected and normalized ZTE was converted to pseudo-CT with air (-1,000 HU for ZTE < 0.2), soft-tissue (42 HU for ZTE > 0.75), and bone (-2,000 × [ZTE - 1] + 42 HU for 0.2 ≤ ZTE ≤ 0.75). Afterward, in the pseudo-CT, sinus/edges were automatically estimated as a binary mask through morphologic processing and edge detection. In the binary mask, the overestimated values were rescaled below 42 HU for ZTACSEC For ATAC, the atlas deformed to MR in-phase was segmented to air, inner air, soft tissue, and continuous bone. For the quantitative evaluation, PET mean uptake values were measured in twenty 1-mL volumes of interest distributed throughout brain tissues. The PET uptake was compared using a paired t test. An error histogram was used to show the distribution of voxel-based PET uptake differences. Results: Compared with CTAC, ZTACSEC achieved the overall PET quantification accuracy (0.2% ± 2.4%, P = 0.23) similar to CTAC, in comparison with ZTACUC (5.6% ± 3.5%, P < 0.01) and ATAC (-0.9% ± 5.0%, P = 0.03). Specifically, a substantial improvement with ZTACSEC (0.6% ± 2.7%, P < 0.01) was found in the cerebellum, in comparison with ZTACUC (8.1% ± 3.5%, P < 0.01) and ATAC (-4.1% ± 4.3%, P < 0.01). The histogram of voxel-based uptake differences demonstrated that ZTACSEC reduced the magnitude and variation of errors substantially, compared with ZTACUC and ATAC. Conclusion: ZTACSEC can provide an accurate PET quantification in brain PET/MRI, comparable to the accuracy achieved by CTAC, particularly in the cerebellum.

中文翻译:

在脑PET / MRI中评估基于窦/边缘校正的零回波时间的衰减校正。

在大脑PET / MRI中,基于零回波时间(ZTE)的衰减校正(ZTAC)的主要挑战是空气/组织/骨骼混合物或其边界的错误分类。我们的研究旨在评估相对于未校正的(UC)ZTAC(ZTACUC)和基于CT图集的衰减校正(ATAC)的窦/边缘校正(SEC)ZTAC(ZTACSEC)。方法:PET / CT扫描后,对12例患者进行了全身18F-FDG PET / MRI扫描。本研究仅使用在包括头部在内的床位采集的数据。利用来自PET / MRI的PET数据,我们将ZTACUC,ZTACSEC,ATAC和基于参考CT的衰减校正(CTAC)应用于PET衰减校正。对于ZTACUC,使用空气(对于ZTE <0.2时为-1,000 HU),对软组织(对于ZTE> 0.75时为42 HU)和骨骼(-2,000×[ZTE-1] + 42 HU(0.2≤ZTE≤0.75)。之后,在伪CT中,通过形态学处理和边缘检测将窦/边缘自动估计为二值掩模。在二元面罩中,对于ZTACSEC,高估值重新缩放到42 HU以下对于ATAC,变形为MR的地图集被细分为空气,内部空气,软组织和连续骨骼。为了进行定量评估,在分布于整个脑组织的20个1 mL感兴趣体积中测量了PET的平均摄取值。使用配对t检验比较PET摄取。误差直方图用于显示基于体素的PET摄取差异的分布。结果:与CTAC相比,ZTACSEC的总体PET定量准确度(0.2%±2.4%,P = 0.23)与CTAC相似,而ZTACUC(5.6%±3.5%,P <0.01)和ATAC(-0。9%±5.0%,P = 0.03)。具体而言,与ZTACUC(8.1%±3.5%,P <0.01)和ATAC(-4.1%±4.3%,P)相比,小脑ZTACSEC(0.6%±2.7%,P <0.01)有显着改善。 <0.01)。基于体素的摄取差异的直方图表明,与ZTACUC和ATAC相比,ZTACSEC大大降低了误差的幅度和变化。结论:ZTACSEC可以在脑部PET / MRI中提供准确的PET定量,可与CTAC取得的准确性相媲美,尤其是在小脑中。基于体素的摄取差异的直方图表明,与ZTACUC和ATAC相比,ZTACSEC大大降低了误差的幅度和变化。结论:ZTACSEC可以在脑部PET / MRI中提供准确的PET定量,可与CTAC取得的准确性相媲美,尤其是在小脑中。基于体素的摄取差异的直方图表明,与ZTACUC和ATAC相比,ZTACSEC大大降低了误差的幅度和变化。结论:ZTACSEC可以在脑部PET / MRI中提供准确的PET定量,可与CTAC取得的准确性相媲美,尤其是在小脑中。
更新日期:2017-11-01
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