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Towards an intelligent design of molecular electrocatalysts
Nature Reviews Chemistry ( IF 36.3 ) Pub Date : 2017-10-25 , DOI: 10.1038/s41570-017-0087
Cyrille Costentin , Jean-Michel Savéant

There is a need for the quantitative assessment of molecular electrocatalysts, particularly those designed to address modern energy challenges. This calls for systematic benchmarking to help rationalize the wealth of available data and to apply the lessons learnt to the innovative design of more efficient catalysts. For these purposes, it is tempting to examine the relationship between the reaction kinetics and the stabilization of a single primary intermediate by constructing a volcano plot. The attractiveness and inherent flaw in this oversimplified approach stem from accounting for complicated multi-electron, multistep processes with a single descriptor. In this Perspective, we instead advocate correlating the turnover frequency with the overpotential through a catalytic Tafel plot, which provides a much less restrictive and more reliable evaluation of intrinsic catalyst performance. Within this framework, one way to optimize molecular catalysts involves altering ligand substituents to tune the electronic structure of the catalyst. These inductive through-structure effects are subject to an ‘iron law’, which dictates that gains in the form of smaller overpotentials come at the price of reduced turnover frequencies (and vice versa). This law can be circumvented by instead engineering through-space effects that stabilize the primary catalytic intermediate. These considerations should be based on the patient gathering of reliable experimental data obtained upon variation of the maximal number of operational parameters.



中文翻译:

迈向分子电催化剂的智能设计

需要定量评估分子电催化剂,特别是那些旨在解决现代能源挑战的分子电催化剂。这就要求进行系统的基准测试,以帮助合理化可用数据的丰富性,并将汲取的教训应用于更有效的催化剂的创新设计中。为了这些目的,试图通过构造火山图来检查反应动力学与单个主要中间体的稳定性之间的关系。这种过于简化的方法的吸引力和内在缺陷源于用单个描述符考虑复杂的多电子,多步骤过程。在此观点中,我们主张通过催化塔菲尔图将周转频率与超电势相关联,这提供了对内在催化剂性能的限制更少,更可靠的评估。在此框架内,优化分子催化剂的一种方法涉及改变配体取代基以调节催化剂的电子结构。这些电感性贯穿结构效应受“铁定律”的约束,该定律规定,以较小的过电位形式获得的收益是以降低周转频率为代价的(反之亦然)。可以通过设计稳定主要催化中间体的贯穿空间效应来规避此定律。这些考虑应基于患者收集的可靠实验数据,这些数据是通过最大数量的操作参数变化而获得的。优化分子催化剂的一种方法涉及改变配体取代基以调节催化剂的电子结构。这些电感性贯穿结构效应受“铁定律”的约束,该定律规定,以较小的过电位形式获得的收益是以降低周转频率为代价的(反之亦然)。可以通过设计稳定主要催化中间体的贯穿空间效应来规避此定律。这些考虑应基于患者收集的可靠实验数据,这些数据是通过最大数量的操作参数变化而获得的。优化分子催化剂的一种方法涉及改变配体取代基以调节催化剂的电子结构。这些电感性贯穿结构效应受“铁定律”的约束,该定律规定,以较小的过电位形式获得的收益是以降低周转频率为代价的(反之亦然)。可以通过设计稳定主要催化中间体的贯穿空间效应来规避此定律。这些考虑应基于患者收集的可靠实验数据,这些数据是通过最大数量的操作参数变化而获得的。这表明以较小的超电势形式获得的收益是以减少周转频率为代价的(反之亦然)。可以通过设计稳定主要催化中间体的贯穿空间效应来规避此定律。这些考虑应基于患者收集的可靠实验数据,这些数据是通过最大数量的操作参数变化而获得的。这表明以较小的超电势形式获得的收益是以减少周转频率为代价的(反之亦然)。可以通过设计稳定主要催化中间体的贯穿空间效应来规避此定律。这些考虑应基于患者收集的可靠实验数据,这些数据是通过最大数量的操作参数变化而获得的。

更新日期:2017-10-30
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